Road to Revolution Assessment Wednesday, December 22

Question 1

Boycott

Answer 1

To refuse to buy one or more goods from a certain source

- the Colonists boycotted stamps after the British enforced a tax on paper goods

Question 2

Militia

Answer 2

A small army made up of ordinary citizens who are trained to fight in an emergency

Question 3

Repeal

Answer 3

To take back, or cancel a law

- After the Colonists boycotted stamps, the British repealed the Stamp Act.

Question 4

Tyranny

Answer 4

The unjust use of government power; a ruler who uses power in this way is called a tyrant
- King George’s control over the colonies could be considered tyranny

Question 5

Smuggle

Answer 5

To illegally brin in (import or export) goods

- Colonists smuggled sugar into Boston after the Sugar Act was passed.

Question 6

Monopoly

Answer 6

A company that controls all production and sales of a particular product
- The British raised the price of tea because they had a monopoly over tea. The colonists could only buy tea from them.

Question 7

Samuel Adams

Answer 7

• Leader of Sons of Liberty
• from Boston
  
  • American smuggler (stole goods)

Question 8

John Adams

Answer 8

• Massachusetts lawyer

- Defended the British soldiers at the Boston Massacre Trials

Question 9

Sons of Liberty

Answer 9

Secret organization created by the Thirteen colonies to advance the rights of the colonists and the fight taxation by British government
- Made up of PATRIOTS: people who supported breaking away from England

Question 10

Section 1: Before 1763

Answer 10

The Great Awakening

• A religious movement that focused on an individual connection to spirituality (movement away from formal church services)
• Questioned authority of the church (and later, all authority)

Question 11

Section 1: Before 1763

Answer 11

French and Indian War:

• Causes of the French and Indian War:
  
  • The major piece of land that lead to war was the Ohio River Valley— french and British both wanted this land!!

Question 12

Section 1: Before 1763

Answer 12

Who fought in the French and Indian War?

-French and Huron Indians Vs. British, Colonists, and Iroquois Indians

Question 13

Section 1: Before 1763

Answer 13

• Most of the War was fought in North America!

- **George Washington led the colonists as a general

Question 14

Section 1: Before 1763

Answer 14

Effects (Results) of the French and Indian War:

• The British WON!
  
  • They won the Ohio River Valley and other land (Canada)
• The British were in DEBT from the war
  
  • Owed Money for soldiers, supplies, food, weapons , etc

Question 15

Section 2: Early British Actions in the Colonies

Answer 15

Proclamation of 1763:

• Colonists COULD NOT move past the Appalachian Mountains, even though they HELPED TO WIN the FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR!
• The British DID NOT want COLONIST moving because of CONFLICTS WITH NATIVE AMERICANS
• The Colonists MOVED ANYWAY!
  
  • Wanted access to new and FERTILE LAND

Question 16

Section 2: Early British Actions in the Colonies

Answer 16

The Stamp Act:

• Required stamps on letters, newspapers, cards, etc.
  
  • COLONISTS HAD TO PAY A TAX FOR THE STAMP
• Colonists responded by BOYCOTTING
  
  • They stop BUYING BRITISH GOODS!
  • They say: “NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!”
• Colonists also responded by VIOLENT DEMONSTRATIONS OF TARRING AND FEATHER TAX COLLECTORS
• Eventually, the STAMP ACT IS REPEALED or removed

Question 17

Section 2: Early British Actions in the Colonies

Answer 17

The Quartering Act:

• Gave British troop the right to DEMAND HOUSING AND FOOD FROM THE COLONISTS
  
  • This mostly occurred in NEW YORK AND BOSTON
• Colonists were very ANGRY about this act and TRIED TO VOTE AGAINST IT

Question 18

Section 3: The Townshend Acts

Answer 18

Townshend Acts: placed a tax on GOODS brought in from Britain

• Glass, paper, paint, tea
• Colonists started to BOYCOTT the British goods (peaceful protest)
  
  • **Women were a large part of boycott—did mos to the shopping (made own clothing, tea, etc.)
• British merchants began losing money
• **In 1770, Parliament REPEALED (canceled) the Townshend Acts except for TAX ON TEA.

Question 19

Section 4: The Boston Massacre

Answer 19

• Fight breaks out in Boston over Townshend Acts—first bloodshed of the Revolution
  
  • British troops were sent to keep order in Boston in 1768
• March 5, 1770: Mob of colonists were throwing snowballs at troops in center of Boston
  
  • Troops opened fire and five colonists were killed
  • Paul Revere created an engraving showing defenseless colonists—this was sent to other colonies to stir anger

Question 20

Section 5: The Tea Act

Answer 20

• British East india Company have a monopoly over tea Industry
  
  • Only British could sell tea to colonies
  • British could rise price of tea whenever they wanted
• ***Angered colonists who saw this as a way of controlling them and hurt colonial businesses-can’t sell their own tea

Question 21

Section 5: The Boston Tea Party

Answer 21

• Colonists protested the Tea Act
• December 1773: Sons of Liberty unloaded tea in Boston
  
  • At night, 60 men dressed as Indians dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into Boston Harbor to destroy it. News of this spread through the colonies—created excitement

Question 22

Section 6: The Intolerable Acts

Answer 22

• King George and British Parliament were outraged by Boston Tea Party
• 1774: Parliament passed a new set of laws—the Intolerable Acts

Question 23

Section 7: Lexington and Concord

Answer 23

• Colonists formed LOCAL MILITIAS in case boycotts didn’t work
  
  • Volunteers were called MINUTEMEN: ready to fight in 60 seconds
• King George decided that the colonists were in a “state of rebellion”
  
  • Sent more troops to Boston and the colonies
• APRIL 1775: British General Thomas Gage sent 700 troops to an arsenal with gunpowder and weapons in Concord, Massachusetts
  
  • They were commanded to seize the weapons
  • Colonists heard about this surprise attack
    
    • Paul Revere was sent to warn that “The British are coming!”
  • Minutemen gather in Lexington to meet British soldiers
• British and Colonial troops met i the morning
  
  • The first shot of the Revolution was fired: “the shot heard round the world”
    
    • NO ONE knows who fired the first shot and 8 colonists were killed