Jefferson, Madison & Monroe Study Guide Quiz: Thursday June 2nd

Question 1

Impressment

Answer 1

The British practice of seizing ships and forcing American sailors to join the British Navy

Question 2

Tariff

Answer 2

Tax on imported goods

Question 3

Piracy

Answer 3

An act of violence or otherwise criminal activity from boat to boat (pirates seizing American ships)

Question 4

Doctrine

Answer 4

An official policy of ideas or teachings
- The Monroe Doctrine stated that America would protect the western hemisphere (North and South America) from European countires trying to colonize.

Question 5

Nationalism

Answer 5

Pride in one’s country; patriotism

- After the War of 1812, America had a strong sense of nationalism.

Question 6

Key People:

Answer 6

• Thomas Jefferson
• James Madison
• James Monroe
• Aaron Burr
• Alexander Hamilton
• Lewis and Clark
• Sacagawea

Question 7

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 7

3rd President of the United States

• Served as John Adams’ Vice President (Adams was a Federalist, Jefferson was a Democratic-Republican)
• Favored France over England in foreign affairs
• Authorized the Louisiana Purchase from France
• Hired Lewis and Clark to explore the Louisiana Territory

Question 8

James Madison

Answer 8

4th President of the United States

• Served as Secretary of State under Thomas Jefferson
• Declared war on England (War of 1812)

Question 9

James Monroe

Answer 9

5th President of the United States

• Secretary of State under James Madison
• Brought the United States into the Era of Good Feelings

Question 10

Aaron Burr

Answer 10

Vice President under Thomas Jefferson

- Fought in a duel and killed Alexander Hamilton

Question 11

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 11

Dueled with Aaron Burr and was killed as a result

Question 12

Lewis and Clark

Answer 12

Sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the Louisiana Territory

• Recorded observations of various plants and animals that they discovered
• Interacted with various Indian tribes
• Found a route to the Pacific Ocean

Question 13

Sacagawea

Answer 13

Part of the Lewis and Clark Expedition
- Shoshone woman who helped guide lewis and Clark to the west
Translated for them when communication with Indian tribes

Question 14

Key Events and Ideas

Answer 14

• Louisiana Purchase
• Embargo Act
• Causes of the War of 1812
• Results of the War of 1812
• Era of Good Feelings
• The American System
• Foreign Affairs with Spain
• British Canada
• Missouri Compromise
• Monroe Doctrine

Question 15

Louisiana Purchase

Answer 15

What piece of land did America originally want to buy?

• New Orleans – it was a valuable port city for trade

What country did they buy it from?

• France

What offer was made to the Americans? Why did Napoleon need the money?

• The entire Louisiana Territory (extended to the Rocky Mountains)
• France could no longer defend it
• Napoleon needed money for his upcoming war with the British
• Doubled the size of the United States (Paid $15 million)

Why was the Louisiana Purchase controversial?

• The Louisiana Purchase because there was nowhere in the Constitution that explained a President can purchase land.
• Thomas Jefferson and Congress drafted a treaty to allow the purchase of the land from France.

Question 16

Embargo Act

Answer 16

Passed by President Thomas Jefferson in 1807

• Passed as a result of France and Britain attacking American ships
• Jefferson stops all trade with foreign nations in hopes of stopping the attacks
• Ends up backfiring–many American sailors ended up losing their jobs
• The Embargo Act was eventually repealed (canceled)

Question 17

Causes of the War of 1812

Answer 17

1. Impressment of American sailors by the British
2. British seizing (taking) American ships
3. War Hawks—they wanted land in Canada
4. End Indian raids and attacks supported by Britain (British were giving Indians weapons)

Question 18

Results of the War of 1812

Answer 18

1. United States begins the Era of Good Feelings under President Monroe
2. Andrew Jackson becomes famous for his leadership at the Battle of New Orleans
3. America does not get involved with Europe again for another 100 years

Question 19

Era of Good Feelings

Answer 19

The United States entered a HAPPY period:

• A period of time in American history with relatively little political instability or fighting
• James Monroe becomes President
• The disappearance of the Federalist Party
• “Winning” the War of 1812 (made us feel more confident and respected)
• The country had a strong sense of nationalism

Question 20

The American System

Answer 20

Creator: Henry Clay

Three major points:

• Protective tariff (tax on imported goods)
• Encouraged people to buy American goods
• National bank
• Internal Improvements (Roads and canals)

Two major “internal improvements”:
THESE BOTH HELPED INCREASE AND IMPROVE TRADE

1. Erie Canal (connected Lake Erie and Hudson River)
2. National Road (went from Maryland to Illinois)

Question 21

Foreign Affairs with Spain

Answer 21

Adams-Onis Treaty (Florida):

• Spanish Florida was full of outlaws, escaped slaves, and Native - Americans who were attacking
• Andrew Jackson is sent to control the Native Americans
• America offers to take Florida from Spain–this is negotiated by President John Quincy Adams
• The U.S. ends up gaining Florida and part of Oregon for $5 million

Question 22

British Canada

Answer 22

Rush-Bagot Treaty (1818):

• Negotiated by President John Quincy Adams
• Created border between America and Canada (British land)
• Allowed for 10 year shared use of the Oregon Territory
• Britain and America shared fisheries in Newfoundland (parts of Canada)

Question 23

Missouri Compromise

Answer 23

• Missouri came into the Union as a slave state
• Maine came into the Union as a free state
• Line was created below Missouri—everything above the line is free; everything below the line is slave
• Creates a physical division between free and slave states in the country
• Compromise was passed to keep the balance of power in the Senate

Question 24

Monroe Doctrine

Answer 24

Written by John Quincy Adams in 1823

• Europe was still interested in creating colonies in parts of Central and South America
• Countries in Latin America were trying to declare independence from Spain
• Monroe Doctrine stated: European countries CANNOT create new colonies
• America will protect the Western Hemisphere (North and South America)–they are “free and independent”