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Civics > Road to Revolution > Flashcards

Road to Revolution Flashcards

0
Q

when ________ took over, he decided to milk the colonies of money from taxes for the ________

A

King George III

French and Indian War

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1
Q

early on, even though the colonies were technically under British rule, they pretty much did as they pleased because the British didn’t rule too strictly because ________

A

they were 3000 miles away

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2
Q

when was the French and Indian War (Seven Years War)?

A

1754-1763

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3
Q

what was the French and Indian War?

A

a struggle between English and French for control of North America

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4
Q

the French and Indian War cost Britain ________ and they had to ________ to pay for it

A

75 billion

tax the American colonies

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5
Q

representation in parliament and taxation:
“no taxation without representation!” -__________
“the House of Commons represents everyone, whether you got the opportunity to vote for them or not.”-_________

A

colonists

British

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6
Q

when did the Townsend Acts start?

A

1767

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7
Q

the Townsend Acts taxed goods such as ________

A

glass
paper
lead
tea

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8
Q

the purpose of the Townshend Acts was to ________

A

raise revenue in the colonies to pay the salaries of governors an judges

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9
Q

when did the Boston Massacre occur?

A

March 5, 1770

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10
Q

what happened at the Boston Massacre?

A

a group of youth and dock workers traded insults with British soldiers in front of the customs house in Boston. the insults turned to a fight an shots are fired.

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11
Q

who was the first person to die in the Boston Massacre?

A

Crispus Attucks- first black man to die for America

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12
Q

when was the Boston Tea Party?

A

December 16, 1773

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13
Q

what happened during the yea party?

A

Americans dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston Harbor to protest the tea tax

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14
Q

when did parliament pass the intolerable acts?

A

after the Boston Tea Party

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15
Q

what did the intolerable acts do?

A

allowed British soldiers to search and even move into colonists’ homes, reduced colonial self-government, and closed the Boston Harbor

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16
Q

why did the first continental congress occur?

A

to discuss the intolerable acts

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17
Q

what happened at the first continental congress?

A

delegates agreed on an embargo on Britain and boycotts on British goods

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18
Q

when did the battles of Lexington and concord occur?

A

April 1775

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19
Q

what were the first battles of the revolutionary war?

A

Lexington and Concord

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20
Q

why did the Lexington and Concord battles occur?

A

British went to destroy colonists’ collection of arms at Concord

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21
Q

who won at Lexington and who won at Concord and why?

A

British won at Lexington

Colonists won at Concord bc of the bridge

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22
Q

when was the second continental congress?

A

May 1775

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23
Q

what did some begin to talk about at the second continental congress?

A

forming their own separate country

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24
Q

pamphlet that argued the colonists should separate from England

A

common sense by Thomas Paine

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25
Q

common sense states that the _______ was corrupt and king George III was ________

A

monarchy

a tyrant

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26
Q

eventually, the second continental congress ________ to draft a document explaining why we wanted to separate from England, called ________

A

appointed a committee
Declaration of Independence(1776)
by Thomas Jefferson

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27
Q

after the American revolution, most people believed we needed a ________ of government

A

federal system

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28
Q

power to govern divided between national and state government

A

federal system

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29
Q

when was the constitutional convention?

A

May 25, 1787

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30
Q

what happened at the constitutional convention?

A

delegates from 12 states met in Philadelphia to revise the articles of confederation, but eventually they agreed to write a whole new constitution

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31
Q

________ presided over the convention- his presence made sure that people would trust the convention’s work

A

George Washington

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32
Q

who is known as the “father of the constitution” and why?

A

James Madison

bc he was the author of the basic plan of government that the convention eventually adopted

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33
Q

each state had ________ vote(s) in the convention

A

one

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34
Q

constitutional conventions were ________

A

held in secret

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35
Q

2 plans of government presented:

A

Virginia Plan

New Jersey Plan

36
Q

________ stated that the new government would have a president, bicameral, legislature, and court, while the _________ stated that the new government would have a unicameral legislature

A

Virginia Plan

New Jersey Plan

37
Q

________ stated that representation would be based on equality(one rep per state), while the ________ stated that each house would have representation based on population

A

New Jersey Plan

Virginia Plan

38
Q

which plan states that weak legislature would appoint the jury?

A

New Jersey Plan

39
Q

small states hated the ________ plan and large states hated the ________ plan

A

Virginia

New Jersey

40
Q

what was the Great Compromise?

A
  • new gov would have a bicameral legislature
  • representation in senate would be based on equality(each state with 2 reps)
  • representation in the House of Representatives would be based on population
41
Q

the ________ wanted slaves to count as people for the population count so they could get more reps, while the ________ didn’t want slaves to count in the population.

A

south

north

42
Q

what was the compromise of the slave population issue?

A

the three/fifths compromise (every 5 slaves would count as 3 people)

43
Q

the ________ wanted to let the gov regulate trade and stop the slave trade, while the ________ didn’t want the gov to interfere with slave trade or tax exports

A

north

south

44
Q

compromise of the sale trade issue:

A

north promises not to interfere with the space trade for 20 years and the south let congress regulate foreign trade.

45
Q

what was the compromise when some people wanted the president to be chosen by congress and others wanted him to be chosen by the people?

A

each state would choose the electoral college and they would choose the president

46
Q

had to get ___/13 states to ratify the constitution before it went into effect

A

9

47
Q

the articles of confederation required ___/13 states to change it

A

13

48
Q

2 groups emerged in the debate over ratification

A

Federalists

Antifederalists

49
Q

federalists argued ________ ratification

antifederalists argued ________ ratification

A

in favor of

against

50
Q

the federalists wrote a series of newspaper articles called ________

A

the federalist papers

51
Q

federalists agreed on the need to add a ________ but not immediately

A

bill of rights

52
Q

anti federalists wrote a series of newspaper articles called

A

anti federalist papers

53
Q

anti federalists argued that the constitution betrayed the ________ and was a step toward ________

A

revolution

monarchy

54
Q

although anti federalists we’re united in their opposition to the constitution, they were divided as to ________

A

what they believed the alternative should be

55
Q

on June 21, 1787, ________ was the 9th state to ________ and it became the law of the land

A

New Hampshire

ratify the constitution

56
Q

________ becomes the first capital

A

New York

57
Q

________ chosen as first president

A

Washington

58
Q

________ is chosen as VP

A

John Adams

59
Q

first congress meets in ________

A

March 1789

60
Q

the ________ became the basic law of the US

A

constitution

61
Q

the most obvious purpose of the constitution was to provide_________

A

a framework for government

62
Q

most important idea of the constitution:

A

people have the right to govern themselves

63
Q

the constitution is about 7000 words divided into:

A

preamble
articles
amendments

64
Q

states the purpose or goals of the constitution

A

preamble

65
Q

tells the structures of the government

A

articles

66
Q

tells what the gov can an cannot do

A

amendments

67
Q

aspects of the preamble:

A 
form a more perfect union 
establish justice
ensure domestic peace 
promote the general welfare 
secure liberty
68
Q

legislative branch:

A

makes laws

composed of congress (house and senate)

69
Q

executive branch:

A

enforces laws

made of president and his agencies

70
Q

judicial branch:

A

interprets laws

Supreme Court and lower courts

71
Q

what does the system of checks and balances do?

A

keeps any one branch from getting too powerful

each branch limits the other two branches

72
Q

article one:

A

legislative

powers given and denied congress

73
Q

article II

A

president

powers and qualifications of president

74
Q

article III

A

judicial branch
tells what courts can and can’t do
says judges are appointed for life with good behavior

75
Q

articles IV-VII

A

explain the relationship between states and national gov, specifies how the constitution can change, and discusses provisions about gov

76
Q

4 basic principals of US gov:

A 
FLIPS
federalism 
limited government 
popular sovereignty 
separation of powers (checks and balances)
77
Q

federalism characteristics-

A

national gov shares power w states

founders decide if you have 2 levels of power, competition between the 2 would be an effective limit on both

78
Q

3 types of gov power

A

enumerated
reserved
concurrent

79
Q

power specifically granted to the national government in the constitution

A

enumerated power

80
Q

powers given to the state gov only

A

reserved power

81
Q

powers shared by both state and national gov

A

concurrent powers

82
Q

while governmental power is shared, if state and federal laws conflict, ________ law wins

A

federal

83
Q

states the constitution and national gov are the supreme law of the land

A

supremacy clause (article VI)

84
Q

gov is not permitted to do certain things and take away certain rights

A

limited government

85
Q

limits of gov are listed in ________ and the ________

A

article I

bill of rights

86
Q

the idea that people should have the right to rule themselves

A

popular sovereignty

87
Q

we rule ourselves by choosing people who ________

A

have a similar point of view as our elected officials

Civics (4 decks)

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