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History > Road to Regicide 1646-1649 > Flashcards

Road to Regicide 1646-1649 Flashcards

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1
Q

Date of Execution of Charles I

A

30th January 1649

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2
Q

Where was Charles executed?

A

Banquetting house at Whitehall Palace

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3
Q

How many signed Charles’ death warrant?

A

59 commissioners

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4
Q

When were the Newcastle Propositions presented to Charles by Parliament?

A

July 1646

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5
Q

How did Charles respond to the Newcastle Propositions?

A

Prevaricated, hoping to divide his enemies

Rejected in September 1647 in favour of Heads of Proposals

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6
Q

Why was there disagreement between the Scots and Parliament?

A

The Scots were expecting full implementation of a Presbyterian church, as specified in the Solemn League and Covenant of 1643, but Parliament couldn’t do this without alienating many of the English and so what they did established was a poor compromise

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7
Q

Why was there disagreement between the New Model Army and the Scots?

A

The Scots believed in religious uniformity, whereas the Army believed in religious toleration.

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8
Q

Why was there disagreement between Parliament and the New Model Army?

A

The soldiers felt that, as they themselves had won the war, they should have a significant say in negotiations. Additionally, they were cheesed off about the level of arrears of pay.

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9
Q

How many weeks in arrears were the cavalry?

A

43

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10
Q

What did Parliament offer the New Model Army at first?

A

roughly 19,000 soldiers to stay in service in England and Ireland, the rest to be dismissed
No mention of arrears
No mention of indemnity for acts committed during war time

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11
Q

How many weeks of pay did Parliament offer the Army (only upon complaints!)?

A

8

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12
Q

How much did Parliament pay the Scots in January 1647 in return for Charles and to leave the country?

A

£400,000

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13
Q

Where did Parliament keep Charles I?

A

Holdenby House in Northamptonshire

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14
Q

Who led 500 soldiers to Holdenby House to seize Charles?

A

Cornet Joyce

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15
Q

Where did the Army take Charles having taken him from Holdenby House?

A

NMA headquarters in Newmarket

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16
Q

When did the Army kidnap Charles from Holdenby House?

A

June 1647

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17
Q

What were representatives of the Rank and File soldiers in the NMA known as?

A

Agitators

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18
Q

What was the name of the settlement offered to Charles by the army Grandees in July 1647?

A

The Heads of Proposals

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19
Q

When were the Heads of Proposals presented to Charles by the Grandees?

A

July 1647

20
Q

What was the name of the proposals offered by the Levellers (associated with the Rank and File Agitators)?

A

The Agreement of the People

21
Q

When were the Putney debates?

A

28th October to 5th November 1647

22
Q

To whom did Henry Ireton, speaking at the Putney Debates, argue that the franchise should be restricted to?

A

those with a “permanent fixed interest in the Kingdom”

23
Q

When was the army rendez-vous at Corkbush field?

A

15th November 1647, just weeks after the Putney Debates

24
Q

What did soldiers wear in their hats at the Corkbush rendez-vous?

A

Copies of the Agreement of the people

25
Q

When did Charles I escape from Hampton court?

A

11th November 1647

26
Q

To where did Charles escape on the 11th of November 1647?

A

The Isle of Wight

27
Q

What was the name of the proposals offered to Charles by an envoy from Parliament on the Isle of Wight on Christmas Eve 1647?

A

The Four Bills

28
Q

What was the name of the agreement made by Charles with the Scots on the Isle of Wight on Boxing Day 1647?

A

The Engagement

29
Q

What did the Engagement entail?

A

Charles promised to introduce Presbyterianism to England for 3 years in return for military support of the anti-Covenanting faction in Scotland

30
Q

On the 3rd of January 1648, what did Parliament decide in the Vote of No Addresses?

A

No more negotiating with the King

31
Q

What uncontrollable event exacerbated the anger of the people during the riots against Parliamentary tyranny in early 1648?

A

Bad harvests

32
Q

When was the Battle of Preston?

A

17th to 19th August 1648

33
Q

Give 3 reasons for Charles’ defeat at Preston

A

NMA’s experience
Lack of support for Royalist cause in English causes (most were anti-Parliamentary tyranny but not pro-old regime)
Scotland was divided- many were dissatisfied with just 3 years of Presbyterianism promised by Charles

34
Q

Which inept Scottish military commander contributed to the defeat at the Battle of Preston?

A

James Hamilton

35
Q

Why were the Army further enraged by Charles’ attempts to reopen hostilities?

A

He was going against God’s providence

36
Q

What did Parliament repeal in August 1648 after the Battle of Preston?

A

The Vote of No addresses

37
Q

Where and when did the Army resolve “to call Charles Stuart, that man of blood, to an account for that blood he had shed” (Colonel Goffe)?

A

Windsor Prayer Meeting, April 1648

38
Q

What was the name of the product of the reopening of negotiations between Parliament and the King in late 1648?

A

The Treaty of Newport

39
Q

How did Parliament respond to the Remonstrance sent by the Army on the 20th of November 1648?

A

Ignored it!

40
Q

What happened on the 6th of December 1648?

A

Pride’s Purge

41
Q

How many MPs were arrested at Pride’s Purge?

A

45

42
Q

How many MPs were excluded at Pride’s Purge?

A

186

43
Q

What was the main reason for executing Charles instead of simply exiling him?

A

If he continued to live, Charles would be a focus for all groups opposing the new regime. His death would bring an end to the unrest.

44
Q

Why did the Army kidnap Charles from Parliamentary control at Holdenby House in June 1647?

A

They were pissed off by the Parliament’s plans for the army

45
Q

When did the Scots hand over Charles to Parliament?

A

30th January 1647

46
Q

How many MPs remained in Parliament after Pride’s Purge?

A

70

47
Q

How did William Lenthall describe the victory at the Battle of the Preston in a private letter to the speaker of the House of Commons?

A

“nothing but the hand of God”

History (5 decks)

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