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Radio Navigation > RNAV & PBN (06-06-18) > Flashcards

RNAV & PBN (06-06-18) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the factors used to define RNAV or RNP system performance requirements?

A

Accuracy

Integrity

Continuity

Functionality

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2
Q

What are the RNAV or RNP systems for?

A

Optimising the utilisation of available airspace

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3
Q

Regarding RNAV/RNP, what should flight crews and air traffic controllers be aware of?

A

On board RNAV and RNP system capabilities to determine if the performance is appropriate for the airspace being used

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4
Q

What must the accuracy of RNAV/RNP systems be?

A

within stated limits 95% of the time

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5
Q

With respect to RNAV/RNP, what is continuity?

A

The capability of the system to perform its function without unscheduled interruptions during the intended operation

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6
Q

With respect to RNAV/RNP, what is integrity?

A

the measure of trust that can be placed in the correctness of the information supplied by the total system. This includes the ability of the system to provide valid warnings.

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7
Q

What are RNAV and RNP systems based on?

A

RNAV is based on sensors

RNP is not, but is based on performance

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8
Q

What are the components of a PBN system?

A

nav aid infrastructure

nav specification

nav application

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9
Q

What is PBN limited to in oceanic/remote en-route, terminal phases of flight?

A

linear and lateral performance requirements and time constraints

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10
Q

During the approach phases of flight what operations does PBN accommodate?

A

linear and angular laterally guided operations

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11
Q

In regard to monitoring RNP and RNAV, what does RNP require that RNAV does not?

A

a monitoring and warning system

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12
Q

What are the basic RNP and RNAV functional requirements?

A

Continuous indication of lateral deviation, distance/bearing to active waypoint, GS or time to active waypoint, navigation data storage and failure indication.

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13
Q

Considering RNP X, what does the ‘X’ mean?

A

the lateral distance from track within which the aircraft can be expected to remain for 95% of the time.

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14
Q

If an aircraft is approved for the most stringent accuracy requirements for RNAV/RNP, what can be said about its approval for less stringent requirements?

A

it may not meet the functional requirements of a navigation specification having less stringent accuracy requirements

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15
Q

What RNAV specifications are used in remote/oceanic phases of flight?

A

RNAV 10 and RNAV 4

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16
Q

What RNAV specifications are used in en-route and arrival phases of flight?

A

RNAV 5

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17
Q

The following are used in RNAV and RNP specifications:

A

*RNAV 2 and RNP 2*

RNAV 20 and RNP 20 X

RNAV 3 and RNP 3 X

RNAV 15 and RNP 15 X

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18
Q

What RNAV and RNP specifications may be used in en-route and remote/oceanic phases of flight?

A

RNAV 2 and RNP 2

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19
Q

What RNAV and RNP specifications can be used in arrival and departure phases of flight?

A

RNAV 1 and RNP 1

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20
Q

What kind of RNP specification is used during the approach phase of flight?

A

RNP APCH

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21
Q

When authorisation is required, what RNP is used during approach phase of flight?

A

RNP AR APCH

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22
Q

When is RNP 0.3 used?

A

in all phases of flight apart from oceanic/remote and final approach primarily for helicopters

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23
Q

Which RNAV/RNP specifications may be used in enroute phases of low level IFR helicopter flights?

A

RNAV 1, RNP 1 and RNP 0.3

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24
Q

What is a radius to fix leg?

A

a type of path terminator defined by radius, arc length and fix.

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25
Q

What is a fixed radius transition?

A

A path with 2 possible radii:

22.5nm for high altitude

15nm for low altitude

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26
Q

What can be said about the flight director and the speed constraints associated with an RF procedure?

A

Both the flight director and the speed constraints must be respected

27
Q

What is a fly by way point turn?

A

a waypoint that the aircraft doesn’t need to fly directly over, it can just fly by it, towards the next waypoint

28
Q

What are the standards for coding SIDS nand STARs set by?

A

ARINC 424 path terminators

29
Q

What are path terminators?

A

specified termination types describing the termination of the previous flight path

30
Q

What is an offset flight path?

A

One which is offset from the original flight path and parallel to it.

31
Q

What is path definition error?

A

The difference between the path defined by the RNAV database and the desired path?

32
Q

What is flight technical error?

A

the autopilots ability to follow the defined path or track?

33
Q

What is navigation system error?

A

the difference between the aircrafts estimated position and its actual position

34
Q

What is total system error the sum of?

A

Path definition error, flight technical error and navigation error

35
Q

What does nav system accuracy depend on for RNAV/RNP?

A

Total system error

36
Q

What is on board performance monitoring and alerting of flight technical error managed by?

A

On board systems and crew procedures

37
Q

On board performance monitoring and alerting of navigation system error is?

A

a requirement of on-board equipement for RNP

38
Q

Depending on the navigation sensor, what is the estimated position error compared with?

A

The required navigation specification

39
Q

When considering the estimated position error (EPE), what does the aircraft base its estimates of probable position error on?

A

available data sources and time from initialisation / last update. This EPE value is evaluated against the certification requirements and the pilot is warned whenever accuracy limit is not satisfied

40
Q

What happens when the system cannot guarantee that the position meets the accuracy requirements?

A

an alert is issued

41
Q

What is to happen if there is a loss of PBN capability?

A

abnormal and contingency procedures are to be used

42
Q

When can the navigation database no be valid for current aeronautical control cycle?

A

when specified in operations documentation or acceptable means of compliance

43
Q

What does RNAV 10 require an aircraft to be equiped with for operating in oceanic and remote areas?

A

At least 2 independent and serviceable long range navigation systems comprising an INS, IRS/FMS or GNSS

44
Q

To help preserve the integrity of the RNAV 10 system, what must an aircraft incorporating dual INS or IRUs have?

A

A maximum allowable time elapsed from the onset of the navigation system being out of tolerance until the equipment enunciates an alarm.

45
Q

How can operators extend the navigation capability time of their RNAV 10 systems?

A

They can have their systems updated

46
Q

If operators wish to use RNAV 5 then:

A

a manual data entry is acceptable

47
Q

In order for a pilot to fly an RNAV 1, RNAV 2, RNP 1, RNP 2 SID or STAR, what must it be?

A

retrievable by route name from the onboard navigation database and conforms to the standard route

48
Q

If pilots wish to fly an RNAV 1, RNAV 2, RNP 1, RNP 2 SID or STAR, how can it be subsequently modified?

A

By the insertion or deletion of specific waypoints in response to ATC clearences

49
Q

If pilots wish to modify a SID or STAR, what can’t be done?

A

it cant be done by creation of new waypoints of either latitude or longitude or plac/bearing/ distance values

50
Q

What must be the case when using RNP 4?

A

at least 2 LRNs capable of RNP 4 must be operational at the entry point of RNP airspace, and consideration should be given to using CPDLA and ADC-C

51
Q
A
52
Q

If pilots wish to fly an RNP approach then.

A

it must be retrievable by procedure name from the on-board naigation databse and conform to the standard route

53
Q

An RNP approach to LNAV minima is?

A

a non-precision approach designs for 2 dimensional operations

54
Q

An RNP approach to LNAV minima has?

A

lateral guidance based on GNSS and vertical guidance based on SBAS or BaroNAV

55
Q

An RNP apprpach to LNAV/VNAV minima may be conducted?

A

only with vertical guidance certified for the purpose

56
Q

an RNP approach to LNAV/VNAV minima may be conducted:

A

only when the aerodrome temperature is within a promulgated range, unless the barometric input is temperature compensated

57
Q

when conducting an RNP approach using BaroNAV:

A

the correct altimeter setting is critical for the safe conduct of the approach

58
Q

an RNP approach to LNAV/VNAV minima is:

A

a three dimensionsal operation

59
Q

An RNP approach to localiser performance with vertical guidance (LPV) minima is:

A

a three dimensional operation

60
Q

An RNP approach to LPV minima requires:

A

a final approach segment data block

61
Q

An RNP approach to LPV minima require:

A

SBAS

62
Q

The FAS data block is?

A

a standard data format to describe the final approach path

63
Q

The AR in an RNP AR APP stands for

A

Authorisation required

64
Q

Advanced RNP incorporates the navigation specifications of:

A

RNAV 5, RNAV 2, RNAV 1, RNP 2, RNP 1 and RNP APP

Radio Navigation (17 decks)

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