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virus chart > RNA Viruses > Flashcards

RNA Viruses Flashcards

1
Q

Influenza Viruses Morphology/structure

A

Negative sense
ssRNA,
envelope

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2
Q

Influenza Viruses modes of transmission

A

Spread
through air by
coughs or
sneezes of an
infected
person

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3
Q

Influenza Viruses virulence factors

A

Hemagglutinin:
aids in
attachment,
Neuraminidase:
breaks down
mucous.

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4
Q

Influenza Viruses diseases/symptoms

A

The flu, symptoms
include: a high fever, runny
nose, sore throat, muscle
pains, headache, coughing,
and feeling tired.

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5
Q

Influenza Viruses diagnostics

A

Rapid
influenza
diagnostic
test (RIDT) -
detects viral
antigens in
respiratory
specimens.
PCR to
detect viral
RNA is also
available.

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6
Q

Influenza Viruses prevention/treatment

A

Seasonal flu
vaccine is
usually against 3
or 4 different
strains that are
believed to be
prevalent that
season.

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7
Q

Hepatitis C Virus
(HCV) morphology/structure

A

Enveolped,
positive sense
ssRNA.
Member of the
Flaviviridae
family.

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8
Q

Hepatitis C Virus
(HCV) modes of transmission

A

Can be
transmitted
sexually and to
baby via
placenta.
Possibly
through
tattoos

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9
Q

Hepatitis C Virus
(HCV) virulence factors

A

Not really clear.

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10
Q

Hepatitis C Virus
(HCV) diseases/symptoms

A

Cirrhosis, liver cancer,
some lymphomas.

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11
Q

Hepatitis C Virus
(HCV) diagnostics

A

Enzyme
Immunoassa
y for
antibodies.
Also, PCR to
detect viral
RNA .

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12
Q

Hepatitis C Virus
(HCV) prevention/treatment

A

No vaccine.
Can be treated
with interferon
and the antiviral
drug ribavirin

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13
Q

Hepatitis C Virus
(HCV) immune response

A

Evades
interferon
(IFN)-based
antiviral
immunity.

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14
Q

Respiratory
Syncytial Virus
(RSV) morphology/structure

A

Enveloped,
Negativesense, ssRNA
of the family
Pneumoviridae

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15
Q

Respiratory
Syncytial Virus
(RSV) modes of transmission

A

Direct contact
with infected
person.

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16
Q

Respiratory
Syncytial Virus
(RSV) virulence factors

A

F proteins on the
surface of the
virus cause cell
membranes on
nearby cells to
merge
(syncytia).

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17
Q

Respiratory
Syncytial Virus
(RSV) diseases/symptoms

A

Bronchitis, during infancy
and childhood. Sometimes
can lead to pneumonia or
death in children.

18
Q

Respiratory
Syncytial Virus
(RSV) diagnostics

A

Presence of
viral antigens
in respiratory
specimens.

19
Q

Respiratory
Syncytial Virus
(RSV) prevention/treatment

A

Fluids and
oxygen therapy,
breathing
support or nasal
high flow
oxygen.
Salbutamol -
relieves
bronchospasms

20
Q

Respiratory
Syncytial Virus
(RSV) immune response

A

Many people
get very mild
symptoms.
More serious
illness seen in
premature or
immunocompr
omised
children. May
be associated
with asthma.

21
Q

rotavirus morphology/structure

A

ds RNA Reoviridae family

22
Q

rotavirus modes of transmission

A

transmitted by oral-fecal route

23
Q

rotavirus virulence factors

A

NSP4 enterotoxin. VP3 protein that puts 5’ cap on viral mRNA that protects it from degradation. NSP1 blocks interferon response

24
Q

rotavirus diseases/symptoms

A

most common diarrhoeal diseases among infants and young children. causes nausea, diarrhea, vomiting

25
Q

rotavirus diagnostics

A

detection of the virus in stool via immunoassay

26
Q

rotavirus prevention/treatment

A

vaccine. management of symptoms and dehydration

27
Q

rotavirus immune response

A

malabsorption due to destruction of gut cells

28
Q

Norovirus morphology/structure

A

positive sense ssRNA, non-enveloped

29
Q

Norovirus mode of transmission

A

transmitted by person to person contact or by fecally contaminated food or water

30
Q

Norovirus virulence factors

A

binds to blood cells and epithelial cells

31
Q

Norovirus diseases/symptoms

A

most common cause of viral gastroenteritis in human. symptoms include: diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pail. common in closed communities such as care facilities or cruise ships

32
Q

Norovirus diagnostics

A

PCR to detect viral particles

33
Q

Norovirus prevention/treatment

A

antidiarrheal medication and managing dehydration

34
Q

Norovirus immune response

A

different strains bind to different blood groups

35
Q

covid-19 morphology/structure

A

positive sense ssRNA, enveloped

36
Q

covid-19 modes of transmission

A

person to person via respiratory droplets is most common. possibly also fecal-oral route

37
Q

covid-19 virulence factors

A

binds to ACE2 epithelial cells of lungs, causes edema, inflammation

38
Q

covid-19 diseases/symptoms

A

most common: pneumonia-like symptoms: fever, dry cough, shortness of breath, loss of smell and taste

39
Q

covid-19 diagnostics

A

RT-PCR to test for viral antigens. Antibody test to see if have been exposed

40
Q

covid-19 treatment/prevention

A

vaccine. wash hands, avoid large crowds, remdesivir, convalescent plasma used to treat

41
Q

covid-19 immune response

A

hyper imflammation

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