Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

233 > RNA Structure, synthesis and Processing > Flashcards

RNA Structure, synthesis and Processing Flashcards

1
Q

The space between the start codon and the stop codon is called

A

The open reading frame

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Transcription is highly selective. True/False

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

More than 2% of genome encodes for proteins. True/False

A

False
(Only 2% encodes for proteins)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the complete set of RNA transcripts expressed by a genome?

A

Transcriptome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

In which part of the cell are microRNA’s found

A

The cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of RNA makes up 80% of the total RNA in the cell

A

rRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

RNA with catalytic activity is termed as

A

Ribozyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which RNA is the smaller of the three major types of RNA?

A

tRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

All mRNA’s code for only a single protein and therefore are called

A

Monocistronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What kind of mRNA is characteristic of prokaryotes

A

Polycistronic mRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What kind of mRNA is characteristic of eukaryotes

A

Monocistronic mRNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

An mRNA carrying information from only one gene is

A

monocistronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

An mRNA carrying information from more than one gene is

A

polycistronic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What cap is attached to the 5’ end of mRNA

A

7-methylguanosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What unusual linkage is between 7-methylguanosine and the 5’ end of the mRNA

A

5’ to 5’ triphosphate linkage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

In bacteria, one species of RNA pol synthesizes all of RNA. True or false

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What enzyme synthesizes RNA primers in prokaryotes

A

Primase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name the two types of enzymes RNA pol is made up of

A

The core enzyme
The holoenzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

The core enzyme is able to recognize the promoter region and the holoenzyme is not. True/False

A

False
The holoenzyme is able to recognize the promoter region due to the presence of sigma factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The most important or predominating sigma factor is

A

Sigma 70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What other activity does the sigma factor have apart from recognizing the promoter region

A

Helicase activity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Why is the sigma factor also known as house keeping genes

A

Because they are essential for the survival of the bacteria

23
Q

Function of DNA topoisomerase

A

Unwinding of supercoils in DNA

24
Q

In what direction is transcription?

A

5’ to 3’ direction

25
Q

RNA polymerase does not require a primer. True/False

A

True

26
Q

RNA polymerase has a 3’ to 5’ exonuclease domain for proofreading. True/False

A

False
RNA polymerase does not have a 3’ to 5’ exonuclease activity

27
Q

The two types of transcription termination in bacteria

A

a. Rho dependent
b. Rho independent

28
Q

What is formed during Rho-independent termination

A

Hairpin

29
Q

What protein is added to the 5’ end of the nascent RNA during Rho dependent termination?

A

Rho

30
Q

What drug is efficient in treating tuberculosis?

A

Rifampincin

31
Q

What makes Rifampincin so efficient?

A

It prevents chain growth beyond three nucleotides
That is, it inhibits transcription

32
Q

Which RNA polymerase is important in transcription in eukaryotes

A

RNA polymerase 2

33
Q

What general transcription factor recognizes the TATA box in eukaryotic transcription

A

TFIID ( transcription factor 2 D)

34
Q

What general transcription factor brings the polymerase to the promoter

A

TFIIF

35
Q

The helicase activity of which general transcription factor melts the DNA to form transcription bubble

A

TFIIH

36
Q

TFIIH has a kinase activity.True/False

A

True

37
Q

Which transcriptional factor regulates which genes are expressed at a given point in time

A

Specific transcriptional factors

38
Q

Variety of motifs through which transcriptional activators or specific transcriptional factors bind to DNA include

A

Helix-loop-helix
Zinc finger
Leucine zipper
Helix-turn-helix

39
Q

Mutation of Zn finger motif results in what type of Tumor

A

Wilms Tumor-1

40
Q

What is the role of enhancers in eukaryotic transcription?

A

They increase the rate of initiation of transcription by RNA pol 2

41
Q

Name the RNA polymerase 2 inhibitor

A

Alpha- amanitin

42
Q

In the processing of pre-rRNA exons are methylated. True/False

A

True

43
Q

In tRNA processing, an intron is removed from anticodon loop by

A

Nucleases

44
Q

In tRNA processing, the 5’ end is trimmed by what ribozyme

A

RNase P

45
Q

In tRNA processing, the 3’ end is trimmed by which ribozyme?

A

RNase D

46
Q

In tRNA processing, the addition of the sequence ‘CCA’ at the 3’ end is done by

A

Nucleotidyltransferase

47
Q

What enzyme adds poly-A tail to the 3’ end?

A

Polyadenylate [poly(A)] polymerase

48
Q

The process of removing and joining exons is called

A

Splicing

49
Q

What two sequential transesterifications proceed splicing

A

lariat formation
Exon joining

50
Q

This refers to the different ways of shuffling or joining exons together

A

Alternative splicing

51
Q

What is the polyadenylation signal sequence prior to the addition of the poly-A tail

A

AAUAAA

52
Q

In eukaryotes gene expression is also controlled at postrranslational and posttranscriptional processes. True/False

A

True

53
Q

Enhancer-Activated transcription often requires the presence of a

A

Coactivator

233 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions