RNA & Protein synthesis Flashcards
What are the two steps in Protein synthesis?
Transcription and translation
what happens in transcription?
segment of DNA is copied into mRNA
what happens in translation?
mRNA is translated into protein
where does transcription happen?
the segment of DNA is copied in the nucleous
where does translation happen?
in a ribosome, in the cytoplasm
what are the three types of RNA in protein synthesis
mRNA, tRNA and rRNA.
what does mRNA do?
carried genetic information from DNA to a ribosome
what does rRNA do?
decodes the mRNA (located in the ribosome)
what does tRNA do?
carries amino acids to the ribosome.
what is on mRNA?
a codon
what is on tRNA?
an anti codon
what is the first step of transcription?
DNA uncoils into two strands
what is the second step of transcription?
Enzymes pair up RNA nucleotides with DNA strands
C to G
A to U
T to A
what is the end result of transcription?
a single strand of RNA is produced
what is the first step of translation?
mRNA leaves the nucleus and attaches to a ribosome in the cytoplasm