RM final Flashcards
why should we question claims?
to ensure validity
to guard against error
promote critical thinking
avoid misinterpretation
encourage replication
drive further research
meaning of p
Probability of chance that what happened did happen by chance
We want the chance that it wasn’t chance to be high
p<0.05
APA reference
Canizales, C. (2024). Title in lowercase. Journal. volume#(issue#), pages. doi
4 validities
construct
external
statistical
internal
construct validity
how well variable was measured
external validity
can it be generalized
statistical validity
do the numbers support the claim
internal validity
do we know what caused any results we see
reliability
Does our measure produce similar results when measured at different
times, in different settings, and by different experimenters,
forms of reliability
test retest
interater
internal
confounds
order
selection
instrumentation
experimenter
history
sampling
regression-mean
APA sections
title page
abstract
intro
method
results
discussion
references
benefience
research for doing good
justice
fairness in results distributed across society
respect for persons
treating individuals with respect and confidentiality
operational definition
explanation of how variable is being measured, observed or manipulated
independent variable
variable researcher controls to see how dependent responds to it
dependent variable
what we are measuring, result we are interested in
btwn subject design
different groups try different things
within subject design
same group tries different things
mixed design
mix of both with some trying different things and some trying the same things
single factor design
only one thing is being tested
factorial design
more than one thing is being tested at the same time, like mixing diff ice cream flavors
falsifiability
hypothesis should be testable and potentially disprovable
paired sample t test
2 related groups/conditions and want to compare the means (pretest v posttest)
independent t test
2 independent groups and want to compare means (male vs female)
correlation
to examine relationship btwn 2 continuous variables
ANOVA
3 or more groups to compare means to see significance but does not tell you which group is odd one out
chi square test
categorical data (bar charts)
mann whitney
2 independent groups, ranks
