Rivers Flashcards
Precipitation
Rain 🌧, hail , sleet , snow ❄️ that falls from the cloud
Condensation
When water vapour cools and turns into clouds
Evaporation
When the sun heats up water from the sea and it goes into the air
Groundwater flow
When water flows through the rocks and solid underground
Surface run-off
When the water runs off the surface of the ground
Transpiration
When the sun heats up water from the leaves 🍁 of trees 🌲
The water cycle
The cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earths ocean , atmosphere and land
Erosion
The wearing away and removal of rocks
Transportation
The movement of rocks and sediment
Deposition
When a river drops what it is carrying
Abrasions
When pebbles grind along the river bank and bed in a sand paper affect
Attrition
When rocks the river is carrying knock against each other. They break apart to become smaller and more round
Hydraulic action
This is sheer power of the water as it smashes against the river bank. Air becomes trapped in the crackers of the river bed and bank and causes the rock to fall apart
Solution
When water dissolves certain types of rocks
Suspension
Fine light material is carried along in the water
Traction
Large boulders and rocks are rolled along the river bed
What is in the upper course
Youthful
U shaped valleys
Waterfalls
Gorge
What is in the middle course
Meanders
Oxbow lakes
What is in the lower course
Levees Ox bow lakes Meanders Flood planes River mouth
Waterfalls
Water falling from a height formed when a river or stream flows over a vertical drop
How are waterfalls formed in detail
Waterfalls occur when rivers flow over different types of rock. The soft rock wears away faster than the hard rock. In time a step develops over which the river plunges as a waterfall.water also cuts away rock behind the waterfall. This causes the falls to move back and leave a gorge as it goes
Why do rivers flood
Because more rain falls than normal and the bonks can’t hold it
Flood plains
Is the area around a river that is covered in times of flood
Levees
A build up of sediment on the banks of a river can create levees which raises the river bank
Meander
A winding bend or curve in a river
