Rivers

Question 1

What is vertical erosion

Answer 1

Erosion downwards

Question 2

What is lateral erosion

Answer 2

Sideways erosion

Question 3

4 processes of erosion in a river

Answer 3

Hydraulic Action
Attrition
Abrasion
Solution

Question 4

Hydraulic Action

Answer 4

force of the water hitting the river bed and banks.

Question 5

Attrition

Answer 5

stones carried by the river knock against each other, gradually making the stones smaller and less rounded

Question 6

Abrasion

Answer 6

load carried by the river repeatedly hits the bed or banks dislodging particles into the flow of the river

Question 7

Solution (erosion)

Answer 7

River flows over limestone or chalk, the rock slowly dissolves due to being soluble in mildly acidic river water

Question 8

Processes of transportation

Answer 8

Traction
Saltation
Suspension
Solution

Question 9

Traction

Answer 9

Large particles rolled on the riverbed

Question 10

Solution

Answer 10

Dissolved load

Question 11

Suspension

Answer 11

Small sediment held in the river

Question 12

Saltation

Answer 12

‘Bouncing’ of particles too heavy to be suspended

Question 13

Upper course occurrences

Answer 13

Erosion dominates - forms:
-Interlocking spurs
-Waterfalls
-Gorges

Question 14

Middle course occurrences

Answer 14

Erosion and Deposition - forms:
-Meanders
-Ox-Bows

Question 15

Lower course occurrences

Answer 15

Deposition - forms:
-Floodplain
-Levees
-River Estuary

Question 16

Tributary

Answer 16

A small stream that joins a larger river

Question 17

Confluence

Answer 17

where a tributary joins a larger river