Coastal Management (and Lyme Regis)

Question 1

Hard Engineering on coasts

Answer 1

Sea wall
Rock Armour
Gabions
Groynes

Question 2

Advantages of Sea Wall

Answer 2

Effective at stopping the sea
Often has a promenade for people to walk

Question 3

Disadvantages of Sea Wall

Answer 3

Can look obtrusive and unnatural
Very expensive and high maintenance costs

Question 4

Advantages of Groynes

Answer 4

Create Wider Beach
Provide useful structures for people interested in fishing
Not too expensive

Question 5

Disadvantages of Groynes

Answer 5

Interrupt longshore drift, starving beaches further along the coast, often leading to more erosion elsewhere
Unattractive

Question 6

Advantages of Rock Armour

Answer 6

Relatively cheap to make and maintain
Can provide interest to coast
Often used for fishing

Question 7

Disadvantages of Rock Armour

Answer 7

Can be expensive to transport rocks
Can be obtrusive
Do not fit local geology

Question 8

Advantages of Gabions

Answer 8

Cheap to produce and flexible in design
Can improve drainage of cliffs
Will eventually merge into landscape

Question 9

Disadvantages of Gabions

Answer 9

Only last 5-10 years before rust

Question 10

Soft Engineering on coasts

Answer 10

Dune Regeneration
Dune Fencing
Beach Nourishment
Managed Retreat

Question 11

What is Dune Regeneration

Answer 11

Marram Grass planted to stabilise dunes
Fence used to keep people off grass

Question 12

Advantages of Dune Regeneration

Answer 12

Maintains natural coastal environment
Relatively cheap

Question 13

Disadvantages of Dune Regneration

Answer 13

Time consuming to create
Can be damaged by storms
People don’t listen and step on grass

Question 14

What is Beach Nourishment

Answer 14

Addition of sand or shingle to an existing beach to make it higher or wider

Question 15

Advantages of Beach Nourishment

Answer 15

Relatively cheap to maintain
Blends in with existing beach
Increases tourist potential by making bigger beach

Question 16

Disadvantages of Beach Nourishment

Answer 16

Needs constant maintenance

Question 17

What is Dune Fencing

Answer 17

Fence construction on a sandy beach along the seaward face of existing dunes to encourage new dune formation

Question 18

Advantages of Dune Fencing

Answer 18

Minimal impact on natural systems

Question 19

Disadvantages of Dune Fencing

Answer 19

Can be unattractive, especially if fences are broken
Regular maintenance needed, especially after storms

Question 20

What is Managed Retreat

Answer 20

A deliberate policy of allowing the sea to flood or erode an area of relatively low-value land.

Question 21

Where is Lyme Regis

Answer 21

South coast of England

Question 22

What is the issue at Lyme Regis

Answer 22

Most of the town is built on unstable cliffs

Question 23

What is the Lyme Regis Environmental improvement scheme

Answer 23

25 year plan that included 4 phases of building hard engineering defences.