Rivers Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a tributary

A

It’s a stream or river that joins a larger river

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2
Q

What’s a source

A

A place the river begins

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3
Q

Confluence

A

Point where a river joins a larger one

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4
Q

What a flood plain

A

An area that gets covered with the water when the rover flood

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5
Q

What’s a river basin

A

That land that water flowers across or under it way to a river

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6
Q

What’s an estuary

A

It’s a part of a river mouth that is tidal

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7
Q

What’s a delta

A

It’s a fan shaped area of land found at the mouth of a a river

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8
Q

What a mouth(of a river)

A

Place where the river enters the sea

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9
Q

What r the 3 stages of a river

A

Youthful stage,mature stage and old age stage

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10
Q

What r the 3 courses of a river

A

Upper course, middle course and lower course

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11
Q

3 processes of a river

A

Erosion transport and deposition

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12
Q

4 process in river erosion

A

1hydraulic action
2abrasion
3solution
4attrition

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13
Q

4 processes of river transportation

A

1traction
2saltation
3suspension
Solution

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14
Q

What’s a v shaped valley

A

Its when river is in its youthful stage and it erodes vertically

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15
Q

What’s the formation of a v shaped valley

A

1erodes downwards by hydraulic action
2as the river cuts down the steep sides are attacked by weathering and loosens up the soil
3when teh loosens material slowly creeps down the slope bcz of gravity
4 the end it worms into a V shape

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16
Q

What r interlocking spurs

A

interlocking spurs r areas of high ground taht just out on either side of the river and appear to lock together

17
Q

What r waterfalls

A

Waterfalls occur where a river flows over a vertical slope

18
Q

Formation of a waterfall?

A

1.when the river flows over an area where hard rock is on top of and area of soft rock
2the river erodes the soft rock faster and this develops a particle drop
3.at the base of a waterfall develops a plunge pool due to the force of the falling water

19
Q

What’s a wide valley

A

A wide valley is in the nature stage of a ruce,erosion occurs laterally (sideways) this creates a wide river valley

20
Q

What’s alluvium

A

It is rich and fertile soil full of mineralls

21
Q

What r meanders

A

Meanders r formed by a combination of erosion and deposition in the nature and old age stage of a river

22
Q

What’s the formation of a meander

A

1 the water flows quickly on the outside of the river bend the river erodes the bend by a combination of hydraulic action and abrasion
2 water flows more slowly on the inside nend of the river materials is deposited on the inside bend as the river loses energy

23
Q

What r levees

A

A levee is a build up of alluvium on the banks of a river and is a feature of the old stage river

24
Q

What the cause of levees

A

Levees are caused by floods and r a feature of deposition

25
Q

What’s the formation of a levee

A

1.during the times of low flow in a river the load that is being carried is dropped onto the river bed
2.during times of blooms the water flows omit more easily over the top of the channel and onto the surrounding land
3the heavy coarse material is deposited on the river banks

26
Q

What r ox bow lakes

A

Ox bow lakes are horse shoes shaped lakes found on the flood plains of old rivers

27
Q

What r the achievements of the flood relief scheme

A

.provided protection again a one in a hundred years flood event
.developed warning systems for the people of mallow
.build flood defences

28
Q

What r economic and social benifits

A

Reduction in
.damage to Homez and buisness
. Stress and anxiety experienced by local people
Financial loss to local buisnesses