Risk Factors & Health Indicators Flashcards
Examples of Direct cardiovascular markers
Abnormal blood lipid levels, and other shit I couldn’t understand on their slides
Some examples of unmodifiable risk factors
age, gender, family history, ethnic origin, Type I Diabetes, previous MI/stroke
What 6 Risk factors do we need to know
smoking, obesity, blood pressure, cholesterol, diabetes, family history
when is smoking considered toward risk stratification
current smoker, or quit within the last 6 mo
What is a normal BMI?
18.5-25.9
When is someone considered overweight regarding BMI? Obese?
25, 30 and above
BMI
ratio of weight to height squared
While BMI can be an indicator of CVD, but what is a better indicator?
Central Adiposity 80cm in woman, 90cm in men
When BMI is overweight, ________ can indicate whether weight is muscle or fat
waist circumference
phase when heart relaxes, blood pressure falls and blood fills the heart
diastolic
phase when the heart contracts, blood pressure rises and blood moves out along the vessels
systolic
What is considered normal for blood pressure
less than 120/80
a patient who is 140/90 is considered
Hypertensive stage 1
Restriction of dietary sodium is a lifestyle modification for
Hypertension
_____ stick to artery walls and can lead to plaque build-up
LDLs
What carries LDLs away from artery walls?
HDLs
What must lipid molecules be packaged in to transport in the blood
lipoproteins
What is the largest type of Cholesterol
VLDL
What is a desirable total cholesterol level
less than 200
Exercise increases ____ and decreases ______ in regards to cholesterol
HDL and LDL receptor activity
LDL and triglycerides
What is the negative risk factor?
if HDL is larger than 60mg/dL
Risk strat age
men 45 or older
women 55 or older
risk strat Obesity
BMI greater than 30 or…
waist girth
greater than 35 in (female)
greater than 40 in (male)
risk stat BP
SBP greater than 140 mmHg or
DPB greater than 90 mmHg or
taking HTN meds
risk strat cholesterol
LDL greater than 130mg/dL or
HDL less than 40mg/dL or
on lipid lowering meds
risk strat smoking
current or
quit within last 6 mo
risk strat diabetetes
pre-diabetes: fasting blood glucose greater than 100 but less than 126 mg/dL
risk strat family history
cardiac event before 55 in father or 1st degree relative
cardiac event before 65 in mother or 1st degree female relative
some one has low risk if they have
1 or less risk factors
someone is classified as having a moderate risk for CVD if they
have 2 or more risk factors
Someone is classified as high risk if they have
known disease or signs/symptoms of cardiac, pulmonary or metabolic disease
A few examples of modifiable risk factors
BP, Type II Diabetes, Obesity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, lack of PA, diet, poor psychological well being
