Risk Conditions Related To Pregnancy

Question 1

Define the following

1) Abortion
2) Spontaneous abortion
3) Induced Abortion
4) Threatened Abortion
5) Inevitable Abortion
6) Incomplete Abortion
7) Complete Abortion
8) Missed Abortion
9) Habitual Abortion

Answer 1

1) pregnancy that ends before 20 wks gestation
2) pregnancy ends bc of natural cause
3) Therapeutic/elective reasons exist for terminating pregnancy
4) Spotting/cramping without cervical change occur
5) Spotting/cramping occur and cervix starts to dilate and efface
6) Loss of some products of conception occurs, with part of the products retained (most of placenta retained)
7) Loss of all products of conception
8) Products of conception are retained in uterine after fetal death
9) Spontaneous abortions occur in three or more successive pregnancies

Question 2

1) A pregnant women suspects she may be miscarrying what are some nursing assessments that would indicate this to be true?
2) Identify nursing interventions when caring for a pregnant mum who is miscarrying.

Answer 2

1) Spontaneous vaginal bleeding, low uterine cramping/contractions, blood clots/tissue through the vagina, hemorrhage/ shock can result if bleeding is excessive
2) Bed rest, monitor vital signs/cramping and bleeding, *count perineal pads to evaluate blood loss/save expelled tissues and clots, maintain IV fluids, monitor signs of hemorrhage/ shock, prepare or for dilation and curettage for incomplete abortion, Rh (D) immune for Rh negative. Provide psychological support

Question 3

Fill in the blank

1) Anemia: iron deficiency develops as a result of an inadequate amount of _______
2) Anemia predisposes mom to ________

Answer 3

1) Serum iron

2) Postpartum infection

Question 4

1) What are some assessment findings a nurse would expect to see with a pregnant women who has just been diagnosed with anemia?
2) Identify nursing interventions that can help a pregnant women counter/prevent the occurrence of anemia?

Answer 4

1) Fatigue, Headache, Pallor, Tachycardia, hemoglobin

Question 5

1) A nurse caring a pregnant women with cardiac disease. What are important signs and symptoms that must be reported to the doctor?
2) Identify nursing interventions for a pregnant women with cardiac disease.
3) The nurse is caring for a mum with cardiac disease and is in labor. What is the nurses responsibilities in caring for this patient?

Answer 5

1) Cough/respiratory congestion, Dyspnea/fatigue, Palpations/tachycardia, Peripheral edema, Chest pain, signs of respiratory infection/heart failure/pulmonary edema

2)
- Monitor vital signs/ fetal HR/ and condition of fetus
- Limit physical activities, NEED for sufficient rest
- monitor signs of cardiac stress/decompensation (cough, fatigue, Dyspnea, chest pain, tachycardia, heart failure, pulmonary edema)
- encourage adequate nutrition= prevent anemia, which would worsen cardiac status
- low sodium diet = prevent fluid retention/heart failure
- avoid excessive weight gain= places stress on heart/ increases risk for complications,

3)
- Monitor vitals frequently
- Place cardiac monitor/ external fetal monitor on mum
- Bed rest, side lying position with head/shoulders elevated
- Administer oxygen
- Manage pain early
- Use controlled pushing efforts = decrease cardiac stress

Question 6

1) A pregnant women received a diagnosis of Chorioamnioitis and asks the nurse what this means and how she got it. The nurse responds.
2) What are some assessment finding the nurse would want to monitor for when caring for a mom with Chorioamnioitis?

Answer 6

1) It is a bacterial infection of the amniotic cavity. Can be caused by premature/prolonged rupture of membranes, vaginitis, amniocentesis, intrauterine procedures
2) Uterine tenderness/contractions, elevated temperature, maternal/fetal tachycardia, foul odour to amniotic fluid, leukocytosis

Question 7

Fill in the blank
1) During 1st trimester maternal insulin needs _______.

2) During 2 and 3 trimester insulin needs ______.
3) Placental hormones cause an ________ state, requiring an ______ in moms ________dose.
4) After the placenta is delivered, placental hormones abruptly ________ and ______ requirement s decrease.

Answer 7

1) Decrease
2) Increase
3) Insulin-resistant, Increase, Insulin
4) Decrease, Insulin