Prenatal Period Flashcards
1) What is the percentage of oxygen consumption and the diaphragm in pregnancy
1) Increases about 15-20% and diaphragm elevates bc of enlarged uterus
Mum may experience shortness of breath
1) During pregnancy a women’s heart rate may increase about _______ and blood pressure slightly ________ in the ___________ trimester . Respiratory rate remains _____ or slightly _____
1) 10-15 beats per minute, decreases, second, unchanged or increases
1) A pregnant women in her first trimester is complaining about nausea and vomiting and asks the nurse what could be the cause and it will stop? The nurse responds.
1) It is due to the secretion of the human chorionic gonadotropin and subside by the third month of pregnancy
1) A primipara is complaining of poor appetite, constipation, flatulence and heart burn. What is the nurses best response?
* think GI and P hormone
1) Poor appetite happens d/t decrease in gastric motility
2) constipation results from increased progesterone production or pressure of uterus causing decreased gastric motility
3) flatulence/heartburn result from decreased gastric motility/ slow emptying of stomach which is caused by progesterone production
1) Hemorrhoids occur due to an ____
Increased venous pressure
1) During an obstetrical assessment a primipara is complaining of swollen and bleeding gums and excessive secretion of saliva (ptyalism). What is the nurses best response?
1) theses all occur due to the increasing levels of estrogen
Fill in the blanks
1) Basal metabolic rate/metabolical function _______
2) Anterior lobe of pituitary gland _____
3) Thyroid slightly _____ and thyroid cavity ______
4) Parathyroid _____ in size
5) Aldosterone levels gradually _____
6) Water retention ______ which can contribute to ______
1) increases
2) Enlarges
3) Enlarges and increases
4) Increases
5) Increase
6) Increase and weight gain
1) The total blood volume of a pregnant women increase by how much?
2) What aspects of the cardiovascular system increase during pregnancy
3) Why does physiological anemia occur in pregnancy?
4) Explain what happens to the heart during pregnancy
5) What happens to sodium and water in pregnancy
1) 40-50%
2) circulating blood volume, plasma and total red blood cells increases
3) The increase in plasma exceeds the increase in red blood cell production (more plasma than RBC)
4) Increases in size, elevates slightly upward and to the left due to displacement of diaphragm as uterus enlarges
5) Retention occurs
Fill in the blank
1) Enlargement of the uterus results in hyperplasia which is influenced by ________ hormone
2) ______secretes a think mucous plug and is expelled from the canal when ______ starts
3) An increase in ________ and _______ hormone cause softening and violate discolouration of the cervix which is also known as _______ and occurs about _____ weeks of gestation
4) The major function of the ovaries is to secrete _______ hormone for the first _______ weeks of pregnancy
5) Breast changes occur due to the increasing effect of these two hormones _______
6) An increase in progesterone/ estrogen levels cause and increase in _________ which result in skin changes
1) Estrogen
2) Endocervical, dilation
3) vasularization/estrogen, chadwicks’s sign, 4wks
4) Progesteone, 6-7 wks
5) Progesteone and estrogen
6) Melanocyte- stimulating hormone
1) The dark streak down the midline of the abdomen is called _____
2) Define Chloasma and its characteristics
3) Reddish purple stretch marks are also know as _____ and can appear on which body parts ____
1) Linea Nigra
2) pregnancy mask, blotchy brownish hyper pigmentation over the forehead, cheeks and one
3) Striae, abdomen, breasts, thighs, upper arms
1) During the prenatal visit the nurse informs the mom that she must schedule antepartum visits every 4 wks for the first ___ to ____ wks, every 2 wks from ____ to ____ wks and every wk from ____ to ____ wks
28-32 wks
32-36 wks
36-40 wks
1) During a prenatal visit a pregnant women asks why she must have an ABO and Rh typing done? The nurse responds.
2) mom then asks what if I am Rh negative? The nurse responds.
1)ABO determines your blood type and Rh determines blood type in the rhesus antigen system.
Rh positive indicates presence of antigen
Rh negative indicates absence of antigen
2) You will need repeat antibody screens and get Rh (D) immune globulin (RhoGam) at 28 wks gestation.
1) A pregnant women receives a negative titer (less than 1:8) what does this mean? And what is the nurses role in educating about the vaccine?
2) mom asks why can’t I have the vaccine while pregnant? Nurse responds.
Indicates susceptibility to rubella virus and should receive immunization before discharge via subcutaneous (ask about egg allergies)
It is important to educate the mum to use effective birth control at time of immunization, and to not get pregnant for the next 1-3 months after immunization and avoid contact with anyone who is immunocompromised
Must not be given at the same time as RhoGam as may not be effective
2) Live attenuated virus can cross placenta and be a risk to developing fetus
