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Risk Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

List 4 top Adult Leading Causes of Death in order

A
  1. Heart Dz
  2. Cancer
  3. Lower Resp Dz
  4. Stroke
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2
Q

Leading cause of death in youth/young adult

A

Accidents

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3
Q

Leading Total Cancer killer for men and women

A

Lung Cancer

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4
Q

Leading cancer cause of death for females

A

Lung

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5
Q

Highest mortality cancer in females

A

Lung

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6
Q

Highest mortality gynecological cancer females

A

Ovarian

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7
Q

Nutritional requirements should be calculated on what?

A

Ideal body weight

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8
Q

Highest incidence of cancer in females?

A

Breast cancer

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9
Q

Leading cancer cause of death in males

A

lung cancer

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10
Q

Highest mortality rate cancer in men

A

Lung cancer

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11
Q

Highest mortality rate reproductive cancer in men?

A

prostate cancer

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12
Q

List greatest risk populations for suicide

A

Adolescent

Elderly

Adult male >40

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13
Q

List 4 Vaccines for adolescents

A
  1. Gardisil/cerevix ages 10-26 x 3 doses over 6 months
  2. Tdap every 10 years starting age 7
  3. Flu
  4. Meninogcoccal -ages 11-18, x1 after 5 years as freshman in college
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14
Q

Give frequency of visits in adolescent period

A

3 visits - 11-14, 15-17, 18-21

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15
Q

How to calculate Ideal body weight:

Male

Female

A

male: 110 pounds for 5 feet then 6 pounds per inch
female: 100 pounds for 5 feet then 5 pounds per inch

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16
Q

Basal calories

x

Activity calories

=

caloric requirement

A

IBW x 10 for basal calorie needs

+

activity calories calc by IBW x__

sedentary x 3

moderate x 5

heavy x 10

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17
Q

Pap Smear screenings

A

PAP age 21, GC screening

Cytology: q 3 yrs

HPV-co test starts age 30, every 5 years

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18
Q

Breast exams schedule

A

Self monthly is optional as young adult, not recommended as middle age adult

Clinical exam every 3 years starting at age 20, annually starting at age 40

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19
Q

What is the frequency of physical exams for young adults (20-39)

A

First at age 20,

then every 5-6 years

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20
Q

At what age does first cholesterol screening occur?

Frequency after that?

A

20

Ages 20-59, every 5 years unless cholesterol >200

After age 60, every 2-5 years unless cholesterol >200

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21
Q

What are 3 key points for pneumococcal vaccine recommendations?

A

Ages 19-64: Smokers and asthmatics

Age >65, all persons, MR every 5 years up to 3 doses

All persons who have chronic disease, weakened immune system, on chemo or radiation, persons in LTC facility

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22
Q

What is the pneumococcal recommendations for >65 years

A

1 at 65, every 5 years up to 3 total

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23
Q

What is the age for zostavax?

A

50

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24
Q

Mammogram recs?

A

baseline age 40

1-2 years from 40-49

annually 50 to age 74 as long as healthy

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25
DRE recs PSA recs
DRE starting at age 40 (with PSA at age 40 if + fam hx or AA race) Anually thereafter DRE +PSA for all males at age 50 annually
26
Colorectal screening recs
FPBT annually at age 50 Flex sig Q 5 yrs Colonoscopy or double contrast barium enema (DCBE) every 10 years
27
Age for baseline ECG
40
28
criteria to d/c pap smears
at age 65-70 if three consecutive normal cytologies and no abnormal tests in past 10 years
29
What age is considered elderly? Geriatric?
60 65
30
Definition incidence
*Frequency/ Rate* in a particular population or area at a given time 20 cases per 500,000 people of botulism in 2010 in alaska
31
Definition prevalence
Proportion of a dsease at a particular time 1% women living in Illinois had lupus in 2010
32
Major cause of death young adult
MVC homicide suicide injury heart disease AIDS
33
Major cause of death middle age
Heart disease accident lung CA CVA Breast and colorectal cancer COPD
34
Major cause of death Elderly \>60
Heart disease CVA COPD PNA/flu Lung and colorectal CA
35
Leading killer of AA (total) \< 40 years
AIDS
36
Leading killer of AA males \<35
Homicide
37
Over age 35, those who have never exercised should have what prior to starting exercise program?
Complete history and physical exam with exercise stress test
38
Primary Prevention:
\*PPP\* Prior to onset of Problems vaccines, avoid smoking, seat belts, healthy diet
39
People who should not exercise vigorously
CHF Aortic stenosis with hemodynamic effects
40
Secondary prevention:
\*SS\* Secondary=Screening pap smear, prostate cancer screening, cholesterol screening
41
Tertiary Prevention:
Tertiary=Treatment: Restoration of health, already ill Cardiac rehab, PT after an MVC, cholesterol medication
42
What percentage of calories should come from each type of fuel source:
Carbs: 55-60 Fats: \<30%, \<10% sat fat Protein: 0.8-1.0 g/kg/day
43
Do overall nutritional needs increase or decrease with illness?
Increase, on the test the right answer for a sick pt will be greater than min recs!
44
STD and PPD screening recs in adolescents?
Screen for STD and PPD in adolescents when in high risk enviornment/behavior
45
Breast/testicular exams in young adults? 20-39
Males: Monthly self exam Females: optional monthly self breast exam, clincal breast exam by provider every 3 years
46
Breast and testicular exam in middle age adult? 40-59
Males: Self exam every month Females: no monthly exam per AOG, clinical exam every year by a provider
47
Exercise recs by AHA?
At least 30-40 min most days of the week
48
Define Antigen
Bad guys, capable of inducing an immune response
49
Define antibody
Synthesized in a reaction to an antigen the fighters
50
Active immunity example
Conferred by antibody formation stimulated by an antigen -generated by immunizations
51
Passive immunity
Conferred by antibody proteins such as gamma-globulin or from mother to fetus
52
Hep A vaccination recs
Military, travelers, MHSM
53
Hep B recs
Health care workers, high risk patients including sexually active adults
54
Mumps vaccine recommendations
Before 1957-1 dose (2 during outbreak) After 1957\> 2 doses
55
Meningococcal vaccine recs
Routine for adolescents age 11-12 college students, military
56
3 Hep B things to remember
Increases risk for fulminant liver failure Diabetics have higher risk Hep B Screen all patients for immunity
57
Is stress-test a screening?
No, diagnostic test for a complaint such as chest pain
58
If choosing between a mamogram and a lipid screening for a healthy adult female, which would you choose?
Lipid screening (higher risk of death for heart disease overall)
59
What are normal breast changes with age?
Sagging Cystic changes (lumpy) ( changes in skin or pores is not normal)
60
What places a patient at increased risk of breast cancer?
Prolonged reproductive years
61

ACNP Certification (17 decks)

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