Risk Assessment Flashcards
2013-18
In a medical mission in Baragay Panini, 500 were screened for goiter. 50 tested positive for nodular goiter. ENT consult and needle biopsy of the 50 showed that 4 have thyroid cancer. 25 underwent surgery, including the 4. Histopathology findings showed that 10 have thyroid cancer.
The study design is:
a. Cross sectional study
b. Cohort study
c. Case control study
d. Case series
A
2013-18
Gold standard for the clinical evaluation of treatment effect.
A. Case report / case series B. Cohort study C. Clinical trial (non-randomized) D. Randomized control trial E. None of the above
D
2013-18
Study design to report treatment effects for rare cases
A. Case report / case series B. Cohort study C. Clinical trial (non-randomized) D. Randomized control trial E. None of the above
A
2013-18
Study design used to evaluate new (but available) therapies using population of patients already on the
intervention
A. Case report / case series B. Cohort study C. Clinical trial (non-randomized) D. Randomized control trial E. None of the above
B
2013-18
Ensures comparability of baseline characteristic and prognostic variables which may influenced outcome E (case-control)
A. Case report / case series B. Cohort study C. Clinical trial (non-randomized) D. Randomized control trial E. None of the above
E
2013-18
Retrospective evaluation of treatment effect by determining effects with or without outcome of interest
A. Case report / case series B. Cohort study C. Clinical trial (non-randomized) D. Randomized control trial E. None of the above
E
2013-18
In a pilot study, 12 women with endometrial cancer, and 12 women with no apparent disease were contacted and asked if they had ever used estrogen. Each woman with cancer was matched by age, weight, and parity to a normal woman. What is the study design?
A. Concurrent cohort B. Retrospective cohort C. Case-control D. Cross-sectional E. Experimental
C
2013-18
Physical examination of the UP Class 1935 were examined in 1977 to see if height and weight at their time of admission is related to the manifestation of coronary heart disease in 1986. This is an example
A. Cross-sectional study B. Case-control study C. Concurrent cohort D. Retrospective cohort E. Experimental study
D
2013-18
In a case-control study, which of the following is true?
A. Proportion of cases with exposure is compared with the proportion of control with exposure
B. Disease rates are compared for people with factor of interest and for people without factor of interest
C. Investigator can choose to have multiple comparison groups
D. Recall bias is a potential problem
E. A, C & D
E
2013-18
In a cohort study of smoking and lung cancer, incidence of lung cancer among smokers was 9/1000 and incidence of lung cancer among nonsmokers was 1/1000. From another source, we know that 45% of the total population were smokers.
The incidence of lung cancer attributable to smoking in the total population is:
A. 9/1000 B. 4.5/1000 C. 3.6/1000 D. 1/1000 E. 10/1000
C
2013-18
Knowledge of risk can be used to:
A. Predict future disease. B. Determine causality. C. Calculate prevalence. D. A and B only. E. All of the above.
D
2013-18
Which is true of risk?
A. A chronic disease is attributed to several risk factors.
B. A risk is attributed to small risk require only a small population.
C. Both are true.
D. Neither is true.
A