Ethics in Biomedical Research Flashcards
During the Holocaust, experiments were carried out using Jewish prisoners of war. These experiments included immersion in freezing water, deliberate fracturing and attempts at transplanting limbs, ingestion of salt water and other deadly poisons. No consents were obtained. Subjects were not selected systematically.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
A
In the Tuskegee syphilis study, sharecroppers from the poorest communities of Oklahoma, USA were observed to document the natural history of syphilis. They were not told what the diseases they were suffering from.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
B
In a study conducted in 1976, on swine flu, more patients developed adverse events than the illness that the vaccine was supposed to prevent.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
B
A study conducted among the indigent patients of PGH on utilization of the TB DOTS clinic. The study employed SMS messages to “remind” patients to visit the clinic. Patients without cellphones were excluded from the study.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
C
Research was carried out by a pediatric resident with the supervision of her consultant. The results were favorable. The consultant tells the resident to rewrite the study for publication. After 6 months, the resident failed to come up with an acceptable manuscript. The consultant then rewrites the paper and submits this for publication in an international journal but makes himself the primary author.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
E
A mentally challenged 55 year old female with breast cancer was being enrolled by legally accepted guardian to a randomized trial on a drug that would potentially benefit the patient. The patient was not allowed by the investigators citing that she was not competent to sign consent.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
D
]A 12 year old child with leukemia was being recruited to a trial. The parents consented but the child did not give assent since the study would require more than the usual number of bone marrow aspirates than if he was not in the trial.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
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In the Willowbrook study of 1956, mentally retarded children were deliberately injected with hepatitis virus. There was no full disclosure in the “verbal” consent. Patients were denied admission into this facility unless the guardians agreed that they participate in the study.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
D
A high dose vitamin A study was conducted in the Philippines by a reputable foreign university. This was conducted in remote barrios with a high prevalence of vitamin deficiency. There was no local ethics approval. Patients had a higher risk of hypervitaminosis A than improvement of visual acuity.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
D
An epidemiologic study wanted to document the effects of diet on the risk of gastric cancer. Seventh day Adventists were excluded.
A. Respect for person’s autonomy B. Beneficence and non-maleficence C. Justice D. AOTA E. NOTA
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