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Music History > Rise of Polyphony > Flashcards

Rise of Polyphony Flashcards

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1
Q

polyphony

A

music in which voices perform together in separate parts

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2
Q

counterpoint

A

combination of multiple independent lines

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3
Q

harmony

A

regulation of simultaneous notes/sounds

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4
Q

Polyphony allowed for…

A

counterpoint, harmony, centrality of notation in Western music, and composition as distinct from performance.

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5
Q

Musica enchiriadis

A

9th century treatise containing oldest preserved references to and examples of organum

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6
Q

organum

A

a polyphonic composition in which existing plainchant melody is combined with 1+ improvised/newly composed voices above/below

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7
Q

Major composers of Cathedral of Notre Dame were…

A

Leonin and Perotin.

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8
Q

Notre-Dame organum

A

Ca. 1200; Most elaborate organum form; Originates from Cathedral of Notre Dame

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9
Q

Magnus liber organi

A

Great Book of Organum; Contains polyphonic settings of proper chants for important feat days

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10
Q

Anonymous IV

A

English theorist who explains how Notre-Dame notation works; Introduced Leonin and Perotin

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11
Q

clausula

A

self-contained portion of organum

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12
Q

Substitute claulusae in medieval motets had…

A

same notes but different rhythms in lower voices.

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13
Q

New words in medieval motet fitted…

A

to upper voices in syllabic rather than melismatic style.

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14
Q

Medieval motets added texts were…

A

Latin (sacred) and French (courtly love).

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15
Q

Anonymous IV Perotin as expanding…

A

Leonin’s work.

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16
Q

Perotin coordinated three newly-composed voices over plainchant melody by…

A

taking advantage of rhythmic patterns (rhythmic modes).

17
Q

By 14th century, notation had developed to…

A

allow duple meter and completely independent parts.

18
Q

14th century polyphony referred to as…

A

ars nova (new art).

19
Q

13th century polyphony referred to as…

A

ars antiqua.

20
Q

Guillaume de Machut (ca. 1300-1377) set…

A

ordinary parts of the Mass (daily songs) instead of the Proper (annual songs).

21
Q

Pope John XXII disliked…

A

polyphony.

22
Q

Polyphony was considered concerning because…

A

potentially obscured liturgy, use of vernacular language, robbed chant of its virility, and created sensuous atmosphere.

23
Q

isorhythm

A

technique using repeating rhythmic pattern throughout a composition

Music History (10 decks)

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