Rise Of Piedmont 1849-1856 Flashcards
Where did the revolutionaries and nationalists flee after failure of the 1848/49 revolutions
To Piedmont, cities like Turin and Genoa became centres of nationalist agitation.
When was Cavour appointed prime minister
Count Cavour was appointed prime minister in November 1852, Adding to being misinterpreted of trade and agriculture
Cavour hated revolutionary nature of mazzinianism
Was a moderniser building the economy with the building of railways, funded with french loans only strengthening their relationship.
What was the Connubio
A political alliance of the centre left and centre right formed by Cavour, this made a political culture based on pragmatism rather than ideology.
What were the main terms of the statuto
Legislation would be passed by the king in parliament. A bi-camerial system with upper house nominated and lower elected (2% population).
The king still held massive power, commander-in-chief of the armed forces, appoint ministers, had the power to make law by decree.
Why was the statuto kept after Charles Alberts abdication
Firstly by the Austrians, After Metternich resigned as foregin minister the Hasburg’s saw peidmont as a more moderate revolutionary nation which could be a potential ally against the more extreme revolutionary forces
In may 1849 VEII chose Massimo D’Azeglio as prime minister, he ultimately persuaded VEII that keeping the statuto was in his best interest.
Why did nationalists flee to piedmont
Due to the political freedoms faced in piedmont and the enlightened constitution man intellectuals fled to piedmont
50,000 fled in 1849 and 30,000 living Genoa and Turin. This made these cities a bee hive of nationalist thought, Journalism was written in a Italian perspective rather than Piedmontese
They were to from the basis of the National society.
What were the Siccardi Laws
The Catholic Church was the established church even after the statuto however incompatible with their new liberal ideals.
In march 1850 a member of the government Giuseppe Siccardi bough in a series of bills which controlled the power of the church. In most states done through a agreement between church and state ‘Concordat’
The Siccardi laws were passed without the consultation from the church.
What were the provisions of the Siccardi laws
Separate law courts of or priests and other ecclesiastical people were abolished, due to the article 5 setting out the rule of law.
The right of criminals to seek sanctuary and protection in churches was abolished
Religious groups including monasteries were restricted in their right to buy property
The number of feast days on which people were forbidden to work were reduced.
These laws reflected the determination to modernise and assert dominance of the state over church.
What were the political impacts with appointing Cavour to prime minister in 1852
In favour of great economic overhaul, but was important influence in developing nature of the Piedmontese state and the decline in the impact of Mazzini and his followers.
His Connubio was extremely important for Piedmontese politics, made a government based on political survival rather than principle
Cavour was an opportunist and would all with a party or political grouping to strengthen his government of the day..
Politicians were often elected to parliament by very small constituency’s (around 200 voters). Many politicians were in debt for their political success to important individuals, landowners.
which policies created political stability
After an Mazzinian inspired insurrection in Austrian-controlled Milan 1853, so Cavour’s policiy was conciliation with the Austrian enemy. Cavour warned Austria of the impeding uprising which he received thanks from Vienna.
which treaty ended the 1849 war with austria and what were the terms
The Milan Treaty on 6th August 1849, 65 Million Francs.
Peidmont did not have to concede any teritory over to Austria
What was the Crimean war
1854 Britain and France declared war against Russia and sent troops to fight in Crimea (a section of land south of Ukraine).
Austria did not join the war as they favoured constitutional monarchy’s over revolutionary governments so at the time both Russia and Great Britain were constitutional monarchy’s, moreover they wanted to keep their alliance with Russia.
August 1848 Austria Britain and France issued the Vienna Four Points
When did Cavour send troops to Crimea
January 1855 Cavour sent 15,000 troops to Crimea.
The troops arrived in early summer of 1855, however like the French and British forces may sucomed to cholera.
On 16th August 1855 the battle of Sebastopol was won and in December 1855 after a threat of Austria joining the side of the British the Russians sued for peace
What was the significance of Piedmont attending the congress of Paris.
February to April 1856 Britain Nor France wanted the Austrians to hand over territory in northern Italy not wanting to alienate Austria.
Cavour attendance was a sign of Piedmont’s growing diplomatic stature, Though italy was not mentioned until peace had been signed, the ‘italian question’ was the main topic of discussion on 8th April.
What did the four points agreement entail
August 1854 Agreement between France Britain and Austria who would provide diplomatic support in the event of war against Russia.
