Rights and responsibilities- what are a citizens rights and responsibilities within the legal system

Question 1

Name the 5 parts of the justice system

Answer 1

-police
-judiciary
-legal representatives
-criminal and civil courts
-tribunals and dispute resolution

Question 2

What are the duties of the police?

Answer 2

-protect life and property
-preserve order
-crime prevention
-bringing offenders to justice

Question 3

What is the role of a police constable ?

Answer 3

-work within the community
-provide visible deterrence and reassurance through patrols
-attend road accidents, enforce road legislation
-submit crime and intelligence reports
-gather evidence, take statements, interview suspects, victims and witnesses
-attend and give evidence in court

Question 4

What are the powers of the police ?

Answer 4

Stop and search
Power of arrest
Entry, search and seizure

Question 5

What is the role of the judiciary?

Answer 5

-administer justice according to the law
-pass sentences in criminal cases
-make decisions In civil law cases

Question 6

The UK doesn’t have a ……… police force. The police service is operated on a …………. basis. There are ……. district police forces in the UK

Answer 6

National
Regional
43

Question 7

What is the role of the Lord Chief Justice?

Answer 7

Most senior judge in the UK, head of an independent judiciary

Question 8

What is the role of a magistrate ?

Answer 8

Volunteers from the local community, also referred to as JPs. Receive training and legal advice. Sit on a bench of three

Question 9

What is the role of judges?

Answer 9

-preside over court proceedings
-interpret and apply law
-create case law
-decide sentencing
-chair public inquiry’s and commissions

Question 10

What is case law?

Answer 10

When the law is unclear, judges make decisions. Once these are upheld or used by other court they become judge created ‘case law’

Question 11

What powers do the judiciary hold?

Answer 11

Power to interpret the law
Power to control hearings and trials in their courtroom
Power to determine the sentence given (within guidelines)
Power to influence debate and discussions over certain topics

Question 12

List 3 right you acquire at 16

Answer 12

-you can work full time if you have left school, have a national insurance number and the job has accredited training
-you can give consent and have sex
-you can be married or live together with parents permissions
-you can be prosecuted for having sex with someone under 16
-you can apply for a passport without parent consent

Question 13

List 3 rights can you acquire at 18

Answer 13

-you are an adult
-you can get a tattoo or body piercing
-you can watch an 18 film
-national minimum wage entitlement increases
-you can change your name
-you can vote and be called for jury service
-you can stand as an MP or local councillor
-you can buy and drink alcohol in a bar
-you can get married or enter a civil partnership without parental consent

Question 14

List 3 rights you can acquire at 21

Answer 14

-you can drive HGV with the right license
-you can apply to adopt a child
-you can apply for a license to fly commercial transport e.eg aeroplanes
-you can enter some 21+ venues

Question 15

Define civil law

Answer 15

Law which deals with disputes between individuals such as debt or divorce

Question 16

Define criminal law

Answer 16

Law which deals with individuals and groups who are accused of breaking the law e.g. via theft, vandalism, violence etc

Question 17

What does ADR stand for?

Answer 17

Alternative dispute resolution

Question 18

What is meant by mediation?

Answer 18

Parties discuss disputes with a neutral third party called a mediator. The mediator helps the parties reach their own opinion

Question 19

Give an advantage and disadvantage of mediation

Answer 19

+
Cheaper than court
Agreement likely to last longer than something which was forced

-
May not lead to a settlement
Not binding

Question 20

What is meant by conciliation

Answer 20

A conciliator is used to help resolve disputes but plays a more active role than a mediator

Question 21

Give an advantage and disadvantage of mediation

Answer 21

+
Entirely private
Good success rate

-
May not lead to a settlement

Question 22

What is meant by arbitration?

Answer 22

Parties agree to have their dispute heard by a private arbitrator who makes a binding decision for them

Question 23

Give an advantage and disadvantage of arbitration

Answer 23

+
Decisions can be enforced by courts
Quicker than court proceedings

• No state funding
  -professional arbitrators can be expensive

Question 24

What is meant by negotiation?

Answer 24

Parties involved discuss issues and compromise or make a decision about how the issues can be resolved

Question 25

Give an advantage and disadvantage of negotiation

Answer 25

+
Informal
No cost
Private

-
Not able to make a decision

Question 26

What are tribunals ?

Answer 26

Inferior courts which deal with specialised subjects e.g. employment, health, social care

Question 27

Give an advantage and disadvantage of tribunals

Answer 27

+
Deal with specialised issues
Simple and informal
Cheaper and quicker than courts

-
Inequality between those who pay for additional legal aid and those who can’t

Question 28

What is an ombudsman?

Answer 28

Official appointed to check on government activity on behalf of a citizen to investigate a complaint made. Also used in private sector

Question 29

Give an advantage and disadvantage of ombudsmen

Answer 29

+
Lead to recommended changes to government agencies or public bodies

-
Cannot deal with matters that could be dealt with in courts
Complaints must be made through an elected representative

Question 30

In an analogy, the legal executive could be described as a ……….
The solicitor is the …….. ………
The barrister is the …….. ……

Answer 30

Paramedic
Family doctor
Hospital consultant

Question 31

……… and ………… courts mainly deal with criminal cases

Answer 31

Magistrates
Crown

Question 32

……… and …………. courts mainly deal with civil cases

Answer 32

Family
County