Life in modern Britain- what do we mean by identity Flashcards
What was the Estimated population of the UK in 2019 and 2023?
66.9 million 2019
68.1 million 2023
What percentage of the UK population live in/ are English?
84.3%
What is the population of Scotland?
5.5 million (8.2%)
What is the population of Wales?
3.2 million (4.7%)
What is the population of Northern Ireland?
1.9 million (2.8%)
What percentage of the population were between 0 and 15 in 2014?
18.8%
What percentage of the population were older than 65 in 2014?
17.7%
The population of the UK could be described as …..
Aging
-percentage of working age is decreasing
What factors shape national identity?
Literature, customs, music, language, sport
How is Northern Ireland culturally divided?
Nationalist- those who support a United Ireland
Unionist-those who support union with the UK
What questions could the many identities within Britain lead to?
-what does it mean to be British ?
- Does being British come second to being English, Welsh, Scottish etc
-could separate states read it the break up of the UK?
What happened between 1750- 1900 causing a rapid population growth and mass urbanisation?
Industrial Revolution
List 3 groups who have settled in the UK over the years (up till 1800)
This is mainly just to recap, not a necessity to remember
Celts- 7th century BC
Romans- 1st Century AD
Angles, saxons, jutes- 5th century AD
Normans 1066
Jews arrived in England in 1066 (expelled in 1290)
Tradespeople from Germany and Belgium - Middle Ages
Protestants
From 1800, what are examples of groups which moved to the UK
List a few, once again this isn’t a necessity
Irish in 1800s due to famine
Indian and Chinese arrive in England along with many Jews escaping prosecution - 1800s
Czech and polish - WWII
Commonwealth citizens- from 1945
West Indies- 1950s
Immigrants from Pakistan and India - 1960s
Ugandan Asians- 1970s
In 2021 how many people migrated to the UK?
573000
In 2021 how many people emigrated (left) the UK?
334000
What is net migration?
Migration minus Emigration
Why do people migrate to the UK?
Study, work, join a family member
Arguments for immigration
-cheap labour
-overcome labour shortages
-immigrants prepared to do unskilled jobs
-some immigrants are highly Skilled
- cultural diversity
-fill places in the workforce
Arguments against immigration
-language barrier
-ethnic and racial tensions
-jobs lost to incoming workers
-government avoids costs involved in developing UK skill base
-pressure on housing and local services
-could have limited skills and education
What is meant by a multicultural society?
People from different backgrounds coming together to live in harmony, maintaining respect for their cultural and religious differences
According to David Cameron what values are needed to form the UKs national identity?
-freedom of speech
-freedom of worship
-democracy
-rule of law
-equal rights
How can we create a shared identity (in the words of David Cameron)?
-immigrants speak English
-British history and ‘Britishness’ classes taught in school
-National citizenship service for 16 year olds
-‘Big society’ where citizens are encouraged to do volunteer work
What are the limits of freedom of speech?
Can you have complete freedom of speech? Can you say whatever you what? No- there are legal limits. You not allowed to say things which infringe on the rights of others and encourage hatred towards a particular group
How has freedom of worship caused problems?
State does not allow any religious group to impose their views upon society. This has caused protests in regard to cultural and education issues.
What are the limitations of democracy?
Choice of electoral system and voter, candidate qualifications can mean people feel unrepresented
What is a limitation to the rule of law?
A citizens ability to access legal processes is often limited by the lack of funds. Government limits the support it gives to citizens to bring legal cases.
What is a limitation to equal rights?
Groups and individuals have often had to fight lengthy campaigns to overcome discrimination
How can group identity impact upon individual identity?
Group you are associated with can impact your beliefs and actions
This could be a peer group people your own age you associate yourself with, formal or informal groups, supporting a sports team, belonging to a voluntary group
What is meant by multiple identities?
A different time is in different situations
For example, a Man City supporter who is second generation Pakistani may support Pakistan against England in cricket match
