Rich's Study Guide Flashcards
A procedure by which an insurance company attempts to recover money from another party may have actually caused the loss
Subrogation
Supplementary conditions to establish specific project insurance requirements and limits of coverage on top of the AIA general conditions.
Document A511
A memorandum that outlines the types and limits of the insurance coverages carried by the contractor for the project
Certificate of Insurance
A type of professional liability insurance. Is intended for the protection of the architect or other professional from liability arising from the negligence or failure to meet the standards of care expected from a professional.
Errors and Omissions Insurance
Protects the owner from financial loss due to delays in construction related resulting from repairs, replacing damaged property, fire or other hazards.
Loss of Use Insurance
Colors the liability of the employer architects or contractor to the employees for injury or sickness as a result of their employment.
Worker’s Compensation Insurance
Purchased by the owner, it would amount to the total value of the project, covers damages and loss of the work on an off-site as well as in transit. Also called builders risk insurance.
Property insurance
Covers the liability of the insured professional, architect, contractor or the owner, for claims due to damages caused by errors, omissions, or negligence.
Professional liability insurance
Covers libel, slander, false arrest, and’s defamation of character.
Personal injury insurance
Purchased by the contractor, it covers their liability for damages caused by installed goods after the construction phase and transfer of title.
Products and completed operations insurance
Covers claims for damages arising out of the use of an owned, non-owns, or hired automobile.
Automobile liability insurance
Covers liability assumed by contract. This is primarily indemnification, wherein contractors agree to hold owners and architects harmless from damages arising out of specified events.
Contractual Liability Insurance
To secure or someone against legal responsibility for their actions.
Indemnify
Express in writing the requirements regarding quality, methods and’s techniques of installation, and desired performance
Specifications
CSI
Construction specifications Institute
Each section of the specification is divided into three parts:
- general
- materials
- execution
Deals with the coverage or scope of the section. It describes related work, definitions, quality-control, submittals, and guarantees/warranties.
General
Lists and describes the materials products and equipments to be used
Materials
Details the manner in which products and materials will be installed and work performed.
Execution
Contains contractual provisions that elaborate on elements of the AIA owner – contractor agreement.
General conditions
Also called prescriptive, base bid, or proprietary specification, where specific products or processes are stipulated without provision for substitution.
Closed specification
Often used for public projects to ensure competitive bidding it allows the contractor to substitute products of people quality and performance if approved by the architect.
Open specification
The type of open specification that sets criteria and the find the results required of the assembly, component, or device being specified.
Performance specification
A type of performance specification where items specified must meet certain requirements set by an excepted authority or test method such as, [UL] underwriters laboratories, [ASTM] American Society for testing and material, or [AN I] American National Standards Institute
Reference standard specification
For which part of the project manual is the architect most directly responsible.
The specifications
What criteria can the architect establish within the specifications that may influence the contractors construction schedule?
Deadlines for specific events.
Specify work to the critical path method.
Hard completion date.
Allow subcontractors to provide input.
Update the construction schedule on a monthly basis.
What type of specifications are often required for public projects?
Open proprietary specifications
Application for payment -
When is the application for payments due to be submitted prior to the date established by the schedule of values
10 days (Per A201 9.3.1)
Upon receipt of the application for payment how many days does the architects have to improve and issue, or contact the owner and contractor with the reason for withholding approval.
7 days
How much time does the architect have to process shop drawings submitted by the contractor?
According to the AIA general conditions “reasonable promptness”. 10 working days is common.
According to the contract documents, contract time ends at the date of
Substantial completion
In general what is the minimum amount of time in architects should give contractors to prepare a bid?
Two weeks
According to Gen. conditions contractor must request a change in the contract sum with in
21 days
And agreements under which one party guarantees to make good to another party the debt, default, or failure to perform of a third-party. Also called a surety bond.
Bond
The bond obtained by contractor or owner, which guarantees of the project will be completed free of liens.
Completion bond
The type of surety obtained by the contractor. It’s for the protection of the owner and is used to help ensure that the work will be completed in accordance with the contract documents.
Performance bond
A written promise or bond by a person or entity guarantees the performance of an obligation of another party. It can protect an owners interest by ensuring the contractor fulfills the requirements of the contract documents.
Surety
Is surety in the form of the forfeiture bond that is required by public agencies and some private owners. This submitted with the bed and guarantees the better, before to the contract, Blanchar into the contract within a specific time, and in accordance with the requirements of the bidding documents. These bonds are usually made for 5 to 10% of the bid amount and are activated if the selected bidder refuses to sign the contract.
Bid bond
Hey Bond acquired by the contractor in which the contractor and the contractors Serdy guaranteed to pay their subcontractors and purchase materials for the construction in accordance with the contract documents.
Labor and material payment bond (A312)
Minimum wheelchair passage width
32 inches at a point and 36 inches continuously
Width for wheelchair passing
Minimum for two wheelchairs to pass is 60 inches
Wheelchair turning space
To make 180° turn is a clear space of 60 inches
Minimum ground space to accommodate a single stationary wheelchair and occupant
30” x 48”
What slope constitutes a ramp
Greater then 1:20
The cross slope of an accessible route cannot exceed
1:50
It’s an accessible route has changes in level greater then _____ a curb ramp, ramp, elevator, or platform lifts shall be provided.
1/2”
Minimum clearance width of a stairway adjacent to an area of rescue assistance..
48 inches between handrails
Circulation spaces shall have minimum clear headroom of…
80 inches
Maximum slope of a ramp in new construction…
1:12
The maximum rise for any ramp run …
30”
The landing shall be at least as wide as …
The ramp run leading to it
The landing length is be a minimum of
60 inches clear
If ramps change direction at landings, the minimum landing size is
60” x 60”
A ramp requires handrails on both sides if it has arise greater than ____ or horizontal projection greater than ___.
6” rise or 72” horizontal
Stairways she’ll have handrails…
At both sides of all stairs
Handrails are continuous or extend at least ___ beyond the top riser and ___ plus the width of one tread the on the bottom riser.
12”
The clear space between handrails and wall is min ___.
1 1/2”
Top of the handrail shall be mounted between…
34” and 38” above the stair nosing
Torrential have a minimum clear opening of ___ with the door open 90°, measure between the face of the door and the opposite stop
32”
Doors not requiring full user passage, such a shallow closets may have to clear opening reduced to
20”
Two doors in series: and I’m space between shall be ____ plus the width of any doors swinging into the space. Doors in series will swing either _____.
- 48” plus the width of any door swinging into the space.
- Doors and series shall swing either in the same direction or away from the space between the doors.
An area, which has direct access to an exit, where people who are unable to use stairs may remain temporarily in safety to await further instruction or assistance during emergency evacuation
Area of rescue assistance
Hey continuous and unobstructed way of exit travel from any point in the building or facility to a public way.
Egress
Gratings shall be no greater than ____ in one direction
1/2”
When renovating a building listed on the national register of historic places it is required to have an elevator complying with the ADA regulations unless…
Unless compliance with the requirements would threaten or destroy the historic significance of the buildings
Wheelchair turning space shall be not less then ____ diameter minimum
60”
Minimum clear floor or ground space for a wheelchair is
30” x 48” minimum
Car and van parking spaces shall be a minimum width of
96” minimum width and have adjacent aisles
Access aisles servicing car parking spaces shall be ____ wide minimum. Access aisles serving van parking spaces shall be ____ wide minimum
60”
96”
How long do you access files need to be
Access aisles shall extend the full length of the parking spaces they serve.
Access aisles servicing vehicle pull up spaces shall be a minimum width of
60”
Risers shall be minimum ____ and maximum _____.
4” min, 7” max
Treads she’ll be _____ deep minimum, measured from riser to rise.
11”
Various form of agreements between owner and the contractor
A series
Various form agreements between owner and architect
B series
Various form of agreements between architect and other design professionals
C-Series
Architect industry documents
D series
Office admin documents
G series
Standard form of agreement between owner and contractor — fixed price
A 101
Standard form of agreement between owner and contractor — guaranteed maximum price
A 111
General conditions of the contract for construction
A 201
Bid bond
A 310
Performance bond and payment bond
A 312
Standard form agreement between owner and architect
B 141
Standard form of agreement between owner and architect for special services
B 727
Standard form of agreement between architects consultant
C 141
Change order
G701
Application and certificate for payment
G702
Certificate of substantial completion
G704
Contractors affidavit of release of liens
G706
Consent of surety of final payment
G707
Architects field report
G711
Construction change directive
G714
In A101 the contract time shall be measured from
The date of commencement
A 101 – liquidated damages are not a penalty to be inflicted on the contractor, but must bear an actual and reasonably estimable relationship to ___
the owners loss of construction is not completed on time
A 101 — if liquidated damages are to be assessed because delayed construction will result in actual loss to the owner, the amount of damage due for each day lost should be entered in the _____
Supplementary conditions or the agreement.
A 101 — article 5 — the last day upon which work maybe included in an application should normally be no less than ______ days prior to the payment due date
14 days, in consideration of the seven days required for the architects of valuation of the application and issuance of a certificate for payment in the time subsequently accorded to the owner to make payment.
A 101 — article 5 – except with the owners prior approval, the contractor shall not make advance payments to ____
Suppliers for materials or equipment which is not been delivered and stored at the site
A 101 – article 5 — final payment: The contractor has fully performed the contract except for the contractors responsibility to _______
Correct work.
A 101 – article 5 — final payment: The owners final payment to the contractor shall be made no later than ______ days after the issuance of the architects final certificate for payment
30 days after the issuance of the architects final certificate for payment
A 201 – general conditions of the contract for construction — The contract documents, including a 201, record the contract for construction between the owner and contractor. The other contract documents are:
Owner contractor agreement A101 Supplementary conditions Drawings Specifications Modifications
A 201 – article 1 — unless specifically numerate it in the agreement, the contract documents shall not include other documents such as _____
Bidding requirements
A 201 – article 2 — The owner shall furnish to the contractor within _____ days after receipt of a written request, information necessary and relevant for the contractor to evaluate, give notice of, or enforce mechanics lien rights
15 days
A 201 – article 2 — contractor is responsible to pay
Permits and fees
A 201 – article 2 — The owner is responsible for securing and paying necessary ______
Approvals, easements, assessments and charges required for construction, use, or occupancy
A 201 – article 2 — 2.4.1
Read it
A 201 – article 3 — unless otherwise provided in the contract documents, the contractor shall secure and pay for
The building permit and other permits and governmental fees, licenses and inspections necessary for proper execution completion of the work
A 201 – article 3 — shop drawings, product data, samples and similar submittals are not
Contract documents
A 201 – article 3 — submittals which are not required by the contract documents may be returned by the architect
Without action
A 201 – article 4 — claims by either party must be initiated within ____ days after the occurrence or first recognition
21 days
A 201 – article 4 — Claims for concealed or unknown conditions
21 days
A 201 – article 8 — The contractor shall notify the owner in writing not less than ___ days or other agreed. Before commencing the work to permit the timely filing of mortgages, mechanics lien and other security interests
Five days
A 201 – article 9 — at least___ days before the date established for each progress payment, the contractor shall submit to the architect an itemized application for payment with the operations completed in accordance with the schedule of values
At least 10 days
A 201 – article 9 — The architect will, within ___ days after receipt of the contractors application for payment, either issue to the owner certificate for payment, with a copy to the contractor, for such an amount is the architect determines is properly do, or notify the contractor and owner in writing of the architects reasons for withholding certification in whole or in part.
With in seven days
A 201 – article 9 — if through no fault of his own, the contractor is not paid within the allotted time, he can, upon ___ additional days written notice to the owner and architect, stop work until payment of the amount owed as been received.
Seven additional days after written notice
A 201 – article 9 — if a subcontractor refuses to furnish a release or waiver required by the owner, the ______ may furnish a bond satisfactory to the owner to indemnify the owner against such lien. If such lien remains unsatisfied after the payments made, contractor show refunds to the owner all money the owner may be compelled to pay discharging such lien, including all costs and reasonable attorneys fees.
Contractor
A 201 – article 11— policies will not be canceled or allowed to expire until at least ___ days prior written notice has been given to the owner
30 days notice
A 201 – article 14 — The contractor may terminate the contract if the work is stopped for a period of 30 consecutive days through no act or fault of the contractor if
— Court or public authority requires all work to be stopped
— An act of government
— Because the architect has not issued a certificate of payment
– Owner has not furnished required documentation per 2.2.1
A 201 – article 14 — if the work has stopped for a period of 60 consecutive days through no fault of the contractor the contractor may, upon ____ additional days written notice terminate the contract
Seven additional days after written notice
A 201 – article 14 — The owner can after giving contractor and the contractors surety, if any, ___ days written notice, terminate employment of the contractor
Seven days written notice
A 201 – article 14 — when the owner terminate the contract for one of the reasons stated, the contractor shall not be entitled to receive further payment until…
The work is finished
B141 — article 1 — The owner shall furnish to the architect, within __ days after receipt of written request, information necessary and relevant for the architect to evaluate, give notice of, or enforce lien rights.
15 days
B141 – article 1 — The cost of work does not include …
The compensation of the architect and the architect consultants, the cost of the land, rights of ways and financing or other costs that are the responsibility of the owner.
B141 – article 1 — there are at least ___ methods of computing compensation for architectural services. Four of these methods or time-based, reflecting different ways the time spent by the architect on the project.
10
B141 – article 1 — direct salaries of the designated personnel are multiplied by a factor representing benefits, overhead and profit.
Multiple of direct salary expense
B141 – article 1 — The salaries plus benefits of designated personnel are multiplied by a factor representing overhead and profit
Multiple of direct personnel expense
B141 – article 1 — Salaries, benefits and overhead of designated personnel are the expense and the fee maybe a multiplier, percentage or lump sum representing profit.
Professional fee plus expenses
B141 – article 1 — Salaries, benefits, overhead and profit are included in the rate for designated personnel.
Hourly billing rate
B141 – article 2 — if a budget amount for the cost of the work has been identified in article 1.1 and the lowest bid or negotiate a proposal exceeds the owner suggested budget for the cost of work, the architect is obligated to _____ the documents to comply with the owner’s budget at no cost to the owner
Modify the documents at no cost to the owner.
Note: the obligation to redesign at no cost to the owner is the limit of the architects responsibility.
B141 – article 2 — The architect will provide either bidding or negotiation service, but not ____
Both
B141 – article 2 — The architects contract administration services now are further divided into six subcategories:
- General administration
- Evaluations of the work
- Certification of payments to the contractor
- Submittals
- Changes in the work
- Project completion
B141 – article 2.7 — this new article provides for two meetings between the architect and the owner; one promptly after substantial completion to review the need for facility operation services, and the second before the expiration of ____.
One year from the date of substantial completion to review the building’s performance.
In a typical project manual, what comprises the contract forms?
The owner contractor agreement
A performance bond
A payment bond
A certificate of insurance
The contract documents consist of …
— The owner contractor agreement — General and supplementary conditions of the contract — Specifications in CSI format — The working drawings — Addenda — Modifications
Construction documents consist of…
— Project manual — Bidding documents — Contract documents As well as: – Bidding requirements – Contract forms – Contract conditions – Specifications – Drawings – Addendum
Contract terms: The general requirements division of the specifications which enables the administrative and procedural duties of the contractor, architect, and owner during construction.
Division I
Contract terms: The agreements between the owner and the contractor for the construction of a project.
General contract
Contract terms: The part of the contract documents which states the rights, responsibilities, and relationships of the parties involved, usually by means of standard documents published by the AIA.
General conditions
Contract terms: use because of unusual or special circumstances or to accommodate the specific project requirements above and beyond the norm
Supplementary Gen. conditions
Contract terms: requirements usually requested by government or local building agencies
Special conditions
Contract terms: defines the specific procedures that a contractor must follow
Gen. requirements
Contract terms: The contract for building construction under which one prime contractors responsible for the entire project, in contrast to having separate contracts
Single prime contract
Contract terms: one of the several owner-contractor agreements for a project, each of which provides for constructing a major portion of the work (General construction, electrical, mechanical, etc.) by a different contract.
Separate prime contract
Contract terms: an agreement under which the contractor, or the architect, is reimbursed for their cost, and, in addition, is paid a fee for his or her services
Cost-plus fee contract
Contract terms: The architectural services normally required for a building project, usually consisting of schematic design, bidding or negotiation, and construction contract administration.
Basic services (architect)
Sustainability: LEED is organized into six categories:
— Sustainable sites — Water efficiency — Energy and atmosphere — Material and resources — Indoor air quality — Innovation and design practice
Also known as galvanic action, this occurs when two reactive materials, such as aluminum and steel, come into contact with each other, which may lead to corrosion
Electrolysis
______ should be separated by mastic, building paper, or other material, to prevent water from creating a galvanic connection between materials.
Reactive materials
_______ allow masonry to move independently of a structural steel or concrete frame, while ______ relieve forces that may build up within individual masonry elements.
Expansion joints, control joints
Is the method of writing acoustic efficiency of various wall and floor systems in isolating airborne sound transmission
Sound transmission class (STC)
Method of rating the effect of impact noise on the floor assemblies caused by foot traffic for machinery
Impact Isolation Class (IIC), also referred to as Impact Noise Rating
Amplification and reverberation are functions of the absorptive characteristic of a material rated by a
Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC)
Lightweight porous materials are effective for sound _____ while heavy impervious materials are effective for sound ________.
Absorption, isolation
Begins upon substantial completion
Warranty period
It is essential for an owner to obtain the _______ before any portion of the retainage is released to the contract
The surety’s written consent (G707A)
Change order (G701) Is a written instrument prepared by the architect and signed by the owner, contractor and architect, stating their agreement upon all of the following:
— Change in the work, sum and time.
When total agreement on the terms of the change order are not reached, a _____ is used.
Construction change directive
Once a Construction Change Directive is signed it becomes a ______. It does not have to be signed, but contractors still obligated to perform the work
Contract modification
The general conditions require the contractor suit to submit a ______ that here she has paid all payrolls, bills for materials and equipment, and other indebtedness for which the owner and the property might be held liable under lean laws.
Affidavit
G706 - contractors affidavit of payment of debts and claims
G706A - contractors affidavit of release of liens
AIA general conditions cover payments for _______, though payments may be approved in advance by the owner otherwise if agreed upon in writing
Materials and equipment delivered and suitably stored at the site, versus stored off-site
________ is the process by which the owner withholds money from the contractor as a protection against the contractors potential failure to complete the work according to contract requirement
Retainage
__________ notifies the contractor of an anticipated change and requests a proposal from the contractor stating the cost and/or time impact of the change
A proposal request
__________ would be used if there is no change in the cost or time, if an architect wants to save time by outlining and anticipated change in a construction detail.
The architects supplemental instructions
If a change order results in an increase in cost, the following methods maybe used to determine the amount:
— Lump sum
— Unit prices
— Cost plus a fee
The AAA general conditions require the ____, not the ______ to purchase property insurance.
Owner, not the contractor
________ is responsible for identifying the presence of hazardous material.
The owner
______ results in permanent community open space.
Cluster zoning
In ______ , hey developers permitted to reduce the minimum lot size below that required for conventional zoning, so long as the total number of drawings in the subdivision remains the same, and if the land game to thereby is preserved as a permanent community open space.
Cluster zoning
Similar to a cluster developments a _____ is larger and scale and may include commercial and industrial development, as well as housing. Since it utilizes the cluster zoning concept, it generally does not require a zoning variance.
PUD [planned unit development]
______ describes a process where proper resources and scrutiny be applied to the design, documentation, and construction of a building in order to prevent errors before they are made
Quality assurance
The architect is required to secure from the contractor an affidavit confirming all payments have been satisfied before the architect may issue a
Final certificate for payment
Total cost of the project includes, in addition to the direct cost of construction, such items as professional fees, land costs, furnishings and equipment, financing costs, legal cost, and cost of inspection and tests. These costs, with the exception of those for Landon furnishings and equipment, are usually around __% of the cost of construction.
20%
Methods employed by architects for estimating the cost of construction include all of the following:
— Area and volume estimates
— Subsystem estimates
— Cost per unit
______ include an item by item accounting of each product or material used and are typically outside the scope of architectural services.
Quality and cost method
During the production of working drawings, the client has financial problems paying the architect on account of the architectural fee. Under the standard agreement, what recourse does the architect have?
The architect may terminate the agreement.
The general condition stipulate that neither the final payment nor any portion of the retainage is to be paid until the contractor provides _____.
A release or waiver of liens to the owner
According to that AIA general conditions, when acting on a submittal, and architects may not _______.
Returned without review
An amount of money set aside in the budget to cover unanticipated expenses.
Contingency
Working drawings, specifications, addenda, general conditions of the contract, supplementary conditions, and the owner-contractor agreement
Contract documents
The date certified by the architect when the construction is sufficiently completed in accordance with the contract documents, so that the owner can occupy the project for the intended use
Date of substantial completion
The exclusion from insurance coverage for liability arising out of the (X) explosion or blasting, (C) collapse of or structural damage to the building , and (U) underground damage caused by mechanical equipment.
XCU
