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Construction Documents > Ballast Review > Flashcards

Ballast Review Flashcards

0
Q

Look @ occupancy chart

A

Will do

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1
Q

Min clr floor space for 1 wheelchair

A

30x48

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2
Q

Occupancy load factors are based on

A

Net or gross floor area, depending on occupancy group

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3
Q

Max distance object may protrude into path of travel

A

4”

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4
Q

Duck size designations use ___ 1st and ____ second

A

Width by depth

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5
Q

The standard for exit width requirement is

A

.2 inches per person

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6
Q

An exit door must have a clear width of at least

A

32 inches

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7
Q

Height of the handrail for barrier free design

A

34 to 38 inches , measured from the nosing of the stair

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8
Q

1:12 ramp max rise is

A

30 in

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9
Q

1:8 ramp maximum rise

A

3 inches

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10
Q

Normal sequence of drawings

A

Site plan, civil, architectural, structural, mechanical, plumbing, electrical

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11
Q

The design strength of the final mix of concrete is determined after

A

28 days

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12
Q

Requires a material or product to be compliant with an independent testing

A

Reference specification

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13
Q

Defines the standard scope of services

A

B141

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14
Q

Bricklaying. One course has short sides next course has long sides

A

English bond

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15
Q

Bricklaying: each rack alternates longside short side and each course centers on the next

A

Flemish bond

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16
Q

Addenda are issued

A

Prior to bid

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17
Q

Quest for substitution must be received ___ days before the bid date

A

10

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18
Q
  • change order
  • construction change directive
  • written order for minor change
  • written amendment to the contract signed by both parties
A

Modification

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19
Q
  • Acts on behalf of the principal to perform certain duties to third-party
  • can legally bind principal
A

Agent

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20
Q

Contractor is an example of a

A
  • Vendor

- supplies a specific product at a fixed price

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21
Q

Fast track

One part needs to start before the other ones are designed

A

Many prime contract

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22
Q

Advantages of using a CM

A

Early advice on constructibility
Early cost estimating/value analysis
Project scheduling
Professional management of multiple contracts
* in some cases guaranteed maximum price/completion date

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23
Q

Disadvantages of CM

A

Extra costs

More complicated management structure

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24
Q

A.k.a. stipulated sum/lump sum
Owner not responsible for cost overruns
Owner sees no savings if it comes in under budget

A

Fixed price

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25
Q

Price guaranteed by contractor

Owner see savings if project comes in under budget

A

GMP

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26
Q

Cost-plus fee

A

Actual cost

Plus fees set before contract signing

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27
Q

Design build

A

O + 1 entity design and construction

  • May hire architects as subcontractors
  • maybe a joint venture between A/C
  • May subcontract both A/C
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28
Q

Advantages of design build

A

Single source of responsibility
Owner has fixed-price early
Total time usually reduced

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29
Q

Disadvantages of design build

A
  • Owner has less control over design
    Can be disagreements about what is included
  • Design build firm has control over material quality & construction methods
  • To get what’s needed, client must develop specific performance requirements
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30
Q

In design build owner can hire architect as advisor to:

A
  • Set up performance requirements
  • Evaluate design build firm’s
  • Administer contract
  • Evaluate progress of work
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31
Q

Initial information

A
  • project objectives
  • owner’s program
  • physical, legal, financial and time parameters
  • Key personnel
  • to encourage communication at beginning of project
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32
Q

Owner and contractor are supposed to communicate through

A

The architect

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33
Q

Owners responsibilities

A

Provide program
Land surveys
Geotechnical services

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34
Q

Privity

A

One party is protected from claims from another party where there’s no contractual relationship

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35
Q

Date of commencement can be either:

A

1) A fixed date in the contract

2) when receive “notice-to-proceed” letter

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36
Q

Substantial completion

A

When owner can use or occupy project

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37
Q

Retainage is typically

A

10%

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38
Q

Competitive bidding always uses

A

Stipulated sum

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39
Q

Advantages of cost-plus fee

A

More flexibility

Allow construction to proceed prior to final design

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40
Q

Unit prices are used for

A

Portions of projects but not usually whole projects

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41
Q

Who pays for the copy of the drawings and project manual

A

Owner

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42
Q

O has right to carry out Work if C fails to do so according to the CD’s. Procedure is

A

7 days written notice for C to begin

+3 days written notice that O will fix work if C fails to begin

*A must approve O’s actions to carry out the work, as well as amount charged

43
Q

If C knowingly observes error or omission in contract documents or discrepancy with known regulation

A

They assume full responsibility for such work

44
Q

Contractor wants to make a substitution

A

Must have consent of the owner, after evaluation by the architect, and in accordance with change order

45
Q

Warranty clause is separate and distinct from

A

The one year correction period

46
Q

Who pays for the building permit, weather permits, governmental fees, licenses, and inspections necessary after the execution of the contract?

A

Contractor

47
Q

Are allowances included or excluded in the contractors contract sum?

A

Included

48
Q

Contractor must maintain up-to-date, on site

A

Record documents

49
Q

Indemnify

A

Secure against loss or damage,

To hold harmless

50
Q

The architects decisions concerning matters related to aesthetic effect are final if

A

They’re consistent with the intent shown on the contract documents

51
Q

Construction change directive

A

Contractor must proceed with required changes

Final cost / time changes submitted by contractor

Agreed to by architect and owner, then change order is issued

52
Q

Frequency of application for payment is typically

A

Monthly

53
Q

Mechanics lien

A

The claim against the property of another

for the satisfaction of a debt

54
Q

If a property carries a mechanics lien it cannot

A

Be sold

Except by foreclosure

55
Q

If hazardous materials are found the contractor must

A

Stop work and report the conditions to the owner and architect in writing

56
Q

Architects professional liability insurance policies exclude

A

Giving advice on insurance and bonds

57
Q

Bonds are a protection for

A

The owner

against default

by the contractor

58
Q

The only person that can except nonconforming work, as long as it meets code, is

A

The Owner

  • advantage is contract sun may be reduced
59
Q

Contractor may terminate the contract if work has stopped for more than

A

30 days, through no fault of the contractor.

7 days written notice on top of the 30 days is required.

60
Q

Additional items that may be included in the Supplementary Conditions are

A
  • Permission for the architect to furnish the contractor with instruments of service in electronic form
  • Additional information and services provided by the owner
  • Cost for the architect to review the contractors request for submissions
  • Provisions for the owner, instead of the contractor, to pay for utilities
  • Requirement that the contractor employ a superintendent to coordinate mechanical and electrical work
  • Provisions for fast-track scheduling
  • Reimbursement by the contractor for extra site visits by the architect, made necessary by the fault of the contractor
  • Additional protection for the owner against claims for additional time or for consequential damages
  • Requirements for more detailed information on costs and overhead
  • Additional requirements for payment procedures
  • Requirements for liquidated damages and bonuses
  • Additional requirements for bonding and insurance
61
Q

Supplementary conditions of the contract

A

Modify the general conditions to accommodate different clients, governmental regulations, and local laws

62
Q

Special conditions

A

Are a separate section to describe conditions that are unique to a particular project or site.

63
Q

For most public agencies what type of bidding is mandatory

A

Open bidding

  • advertising for bids is usually required
64
Q

Two ways to notify perspective bidders

A

1, newspapers and trade journals

2, invitation to bid

65
Q

Addenda

A

Written or graphic document issued by the architect

prior to the execution of the contract

66
Q

When addenda is issued it is sent to

A

All registered bidders not later than 4 days before receipt of bids

67
Q

Pre-bid conference

A

Meeting with A/O and bidders

  • answers to significant questions should be formalized in an addendum
68
Q

Bids received after the opening time should not be excepted unless

A

None of the bids have been opened and there are no objections from those bidders present

69
Q

Architect reviews bids and a decision is awarded within usually

A

10 days

70
Q

If a bidder discovers a mathematical error has been made

A

They can usually withdraw the bid

71
Q

If all bids exceed project budget and the owner architect agreement fixes a limit on construction the owner has four choices:

A
  1. to rebid
  2. To authorize an increase in the construction cost and proceed
  3. to work with the architect in revising the scope of the project to reduce cost
  4. to abandon the project
72
Q

Bidding documents and construction documents are

A

Not the same thing

73
Q

Bidding documents usually include

A

The advertisement or invitation to bid

Instructions to bidders

Supplementary instructions to bidders

Bid forms

Bid security information

Performance bond, if required

Labor and material payment bond, if required

74
Q

Bidding documents are not part of

A

Contract documents

75
Q

Instructions to Bidders:

A
  • Bidders representations
  • bidding documents
  • interpretation or correction bidding documents
  • substitutions
  • addenda
  • bidding procedures
  • modification or withdrawal of bid
  • consideration of bids
  • post bid information
  • performance bond and payment bond
76
Q

If bidders require more information they must contact the architect in writing this many days prior to the bid date

A

Seven days

77
Q

Bidders representation:

A

Materials have been understood

Bid is based on bid documents without exception

78
Q

Bidding documents:

A

Where documents may be obtained

How many sets

Amount deposit

79
Q

Deposit for bid documents is returned if documents are returned within

A

10 days after bids

80
Q

Interpretation or correction of bidding documents:

A

report any errors, inconsistencies, or ambiguities discovered.

if clarification is needed, written request seven days prior to bid date

81
Q

Substitutions:

A

Must submit request for approval at least 10 days prior to bid date

Proof of merit of substitution by contractor

82
Q

Addenda must be issued no later then

A

4 days prior to bid date

83
Q

Bidding procedures:

A

How bid forms are to be filled in

What bid security is needed

Procedure for submitting the bid

84
Q

Modification or with drawl of bid

A

As long as before designated big time

85
Q

Owner has the right to reject bids

A

For any reason

86
Q

Post bid information

A

Contractors qualification statement

Names of manufacturers

Names of subs

87
Q

If the successful bidder requests owner must show

A

Reasonable evidence that financial arrangements have been made

88
Q

A standard bid form is used to

A

Make it easier to compare and evaluate bids

89
Q

Bids are written in both

A

Numbers and words

  • words trump numbers
90
Q

Bid security may be in the form of

And amount

A

Bid bond

Certified check

Cashiers check

*5% bid amount

91
Q

Purpose of bid security is

A

Cover the cost between difference of low bid and the next lowest bid, if the bidder fails to enter into an agreement

92
Q

Performance bond

A

Surety will complete construction should contractor default

  • usually mandatory on public work
93
Q

Labor and material payment bond

A

Protects owner from liens by guaranteeing payment

94
Q

Architect reviews submittals for

A

Conformance with information given and design intent

not responsible for accuracy of measurements , completeness of details , quantity, or fabrication or installation procedure

95
Q

Minor change

A

No change in sum or time

consistent with contract documents

96
Q

If the architect volunteers suggestions or directions concerning construction means and techniques in regard to safety issues

A

The architect may also assume legal responsibility

97
Q

Unlike a trial, arbitration decisions can not be

A

Appealed

98
Q

The arbitrator is knowledgeable in

A

The construction industry

99
Q

Contractor must submit to the architect and notarized application for payment ___ days before the date established for each payment in the owner contractor agreement

A

10 days

100
Q

The amount due to the contractor at each periodic payment is based on

A

The schedule of values of the contractor submits to the architect after the award of the contract, allocating the total sum to specific portions of the work.

101
Q

Before the final certificate for payment can be issued, the contractor must submit to the architect The following

A
  • and affidavit that all debts have been paid
  • certificate of insurance remaining will not be canceled or expire without at least 30 days written notice to the owner
  • written statement that no reason insurance not renewable
  • consent of surety to final payment
  • releases and waivers of liens
102
Q

Who issues the certificate of substantial completion

A

The architect

103
Q

At completion contractor must submit to the owner following items

A
  • all warranties, instructions, certificates of inspection, and bonds
  • A set of record drawings if required by the owner contractor agreement
  • certificate of occupancy as issued by the building department
  • extra materials per specification
104
Q

Who issues certificate of occupancy

A

Building department

105
Q

Architect services may terminate when

A

Final certificate for payment is issued

Construction Documents (9 decks)

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