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Radiology procedure > Ribs And Sternum > Flashcards

Ribs And Sternum Flashcards

1
Q

Which rib is the widest?

A

Rib 8/9

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2
Q

What are “true ribs” and which of the ribs is consider true ribs

A

Ribs 1-7 are considered true ribs b/c it has a direct connection to the sternum via its OWN costocartilage.

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3
Q

What are “false” ribs and which of the ribs is considered so?

A

Ribs 8-10 are considered false ribs b/c its directly connected to the sternum via the costocartilage of the 7th rib.

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4
Q

What Are “floating” ribs and which ones is considered false?

A

Ribs 11-12 are floating ribs b/c it does not have cartilage articulation.
Only have 1 connection w/t-spine at the body posteriorly.
also fits into the false rib category

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5
Q

Ribs 1-10 has how many articulations to the t-spine? What are those?

A

Has 2 connections:

  1. Demifacets articulate w/head of ribs (costoVERTEBRAL jt.)
  2. Transverse facet w/ tubercle of ribs (costoTRANSVERSE jt.)
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6
Q

Rib 11-12 has how many articulations with the t-spine? What are those articulations?

A

Only 1 articulation hence why they are considered as floating ribs:

1: only articulations is w/demifacet (costoVERTEBRAL)

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7
Q

Purpose of the ribs?

A

The ribs acts as protection for the heart, lungs and spleen.

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8
Q

What kind of bone is the sternum?

A

A thin, narrow, flat bone.

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9
Q

The sternum consist of how many divisions and what are they?

A

3 divisions:

  1. Manubrium (top division)
  2. Body ( middle division)
  3. Xiphoid process (inferior portion; found at T9-T10)
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10
Q

SID for sternum

A

Obliques: 40”
Lateral: 60-72”

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11
Q

kVp for sternum (mAs if known)

A

75-80 kVp @ 6-8 mAs

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12
Q

Describe the obliquity for a thin patient versus a thicker patient

A

Thin patient: more obliquity (20-25)

Thicker patient: less obliquity (15)

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13
Q

Breathing instructions for sternum?

A

Oblique: expiration (or breathing tech.)
Lateral: on inspiration ( to bring sternum anteriorly)

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14
Q

What is the costal groove?

A

Found on the body of the rib, it is a groove that houses blood vessels and nerves.

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15
Q

kVp for upper rib, breathing instruction, and patient position?

A

Upper rib:

70-75 kVp on inspiration and done ERECT per book

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16
Q

kVp for lower rib, breathing instruction and patient position?

A

Lower rib:
75-80kVp, expiration (like abdomen) and done RECUMBENT/SUPINE per book (allow diaphragm to rise and result in less abdomen)

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17
Q

What is the palpable landmark for sternum? There is more than 1.

A
  1. At the jugular notch (aka manubrial notch) found at T2-T3
  2. Sternal angle, found at T4-T5
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18
Q

The manubrium of the sternum articulates with what?

A

The manubrium articulates with the medial end of the clavicles, forming the sternoclavicular joint.

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19
Q

Define costocartilage

A

Short piece of cartilage where the ribs 1-10 articulates indirectly with the sternum.

20
Q

The posterior end of the rib is also known as?

A

Vertebral end

21
Q

The anterior end of the rib is also known as?

A

Sternal end

22
Q

The area of forward angulation of the rib?

A

The “angle” portion of the rib

23
Q

Distance difference b/w the vertebral end to the sternal End of the rib

A

The vertebral end (posterior end) of the ribs sits 3-5” higher than the sternal end( anterior end)

24
Q

Facts about the 1st rib.

A

Most curved

Synarthrodial (immovable)

25
Q

Joint type and movement of sternoclavicular joint?

A

Diarthrodial, synovial and gliding/plane

26
Q

Joint type and movement of the 1st sternocostal joint (sternum and the costocartilage)

A

Diarthrodial, synovial, plane/gliding

27
Q

Joint type and movement of the costochondral unions? (Rib and cartilage)

A

Synarthrodial, no movement

28
Q

What’s the difference b/w the 1st sternocostal joint to the 2nd to 7th sternocostal joint?

A

The 1st one articulate between the first costocartilage and sternum, making it cartilaginous while 2-7th is synovial.

29
Q

What is the obliquity of the sternum?

A

15-20 degrees RAO

30
Q

Why do we do a RAO for the sternum?

A

To shift sternum to the left of the tspine and into the homogeneous heart shadow

31
Q

The sternum is made up of what kind of bone?

A

Spongy bone.

32
Q

kVp for sternum?

A

75-80

33
Q

Rib 1 protects what?

A

Protects the apex of each lung

34
Q

On each side of the sternum has a point. What are they called?

A

Insertion points (facets) for each of the sternal ends of the ribs.

35
Q

What is another name for the breathing technique?

A

Orthostatic technique

36
Q

What is another name for the body of the sternum?

A

Corpus gladiolus

37
Q

Describe the how you would choose the position of Patient due to trauma incidents.

A

Choose area of interest (site of injury) closest to the IR and rotate spine away from are of interest.

38
Q

How do you make the site of injury on a rib trauma?

A

Metallic BB on direct site of interest.

39
Q

What is a flail chest?

A

The fracturing of adjacent ribs in 2 or more places caused by blunt trauma and is associated with underlying pulmonary injury. This type of injury can lead to instability of the chest wall

40
Q

Pectus carinatum?

A

Aka pigeon chest. An anterior protrusion of the lower sternum

41
Q

Pectus excavatum?

A

Aka funnel chest. It is a depressed sternum.

42
Q

CR of sternum?

A

1 inch To the left of midline and halfway between the jugular notch and xyphoid tip

43
Q

CR of lateral sternum and SID for lateral

A

Center of sternum, which is half way between jugular notch and xyphoid tip and SID changed to 60-72”

44
Q

CR for upper rib

A

3-4” below jugular notch ( roughly at T7) and make sure there is roughly 1 and half inches of light above shoulders

45
Q

CR for lower rib

A

Center to level of xiphoid tip and make sure lower margin of IR is at iliac crest

Radiology procedure (8 decks)

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