Ribosomes Flashcards
What are the primary functions of Ribosomes
Formation of enzymes and structural proteins
Name of the subunits for Ribosomes and content in prokaryotes?
Large subunit: 50S (rRNA subunits).
Small Subunit: 30S (rRNA subunits).
Small subunit contains 16S rRNA.
What does the Polymerase Chain Reaction do?
Amplifies single or multiple copies of DNA across several orders of magnitude.
What rRNA subunit is used for taxonomic purposes?
16S rRNA
Why is 16S rRNA used for taxonomic purposes?
Found in almost all bacteria. he function of 16S rRNA not changed much over time. Sections of the 16S rRNA are identical in all living organisms, other sections are highly variable between species.
Where are Ribosomes found in both Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic cells?
Either free floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
What are Ribosomes formed of?
Complex proteins and RNA.
Which RNA is used to specify the order of amino acid chain production?
mRNA
Which RNA plays role in stability of the structure of ribosomes?
rRNA
Describe a Primary Protein Structure
Linial structure to amino acids in the polypeptid chain. Held together via covalent bonds (i.e. peptid bonds)
Describe a Secondary protein structure
Defined by the inclusion of Hydrogen bonds-Includes Alpha and Beta helix.
Tertiary protein structure
3D structure-Monomeric and Multimeric protein molecules-Globular structure
Quaternity Protein Structure
Multiple folded protein subunits in multi-subunit complex: Examples include haemoglobin.
What is the role of 16S rRNA in the ribosome?
The assemblage of protein via amino acid chain (in order from mRNA). Alter the structure of 16S rRNA=Cell Death.
How to access 16S rRNA
Polymerase chain reaction and Dideoxy Sequencing
