Prokaryotes

Question 1

What did prokaryotes stabilize to allow the evolution of eukaryotes?

Answer 1

Physiochemical conditions of the planet such as Oxygen levels experienced in the atmosphere.

Question 2

Which organelles do prokaryotes not possess but played a role in their adaptations?

Answer 2

Mitochondria and Chloroplast: Endosymbiont theory by Margulis and Bermudes, 1985.

Question 3

Organelles possessed by prokaryote?

Answer 3

Flagellum (tail), Pili (arms), Nucleoid (DNA), Cytoplasm, Cell Wall, Capsule, Ribosomes.

Question 4

What is the cell wall of prokaryotes impenetrable to?

Answer 4

Ions and hydrophilic compounds (i.e. Na+).

Question 5

What can penetrate the cell wall?

Answer 5

O2, CO2, and certain lipophilic compounds (Benzoic acid)

Question 6

In what state must the membrane remain, and why?

Answer 6

Viscous state in order to ensure that transport proteins can move freely for the electron transport chain.