rhumatology Flashcards
what are some features of an inflammatory disease
- uveitis
- psoriasis
- enthesis
- IBD
- arthritis
what is enthesis
this is the inflammation of the insertion sites of tendons ligaments and capsules into bone
what is uveitis
this is the inflammation of the uvea (coloured part of the eye)
what is Crohn’s diseases
inflammation of the lining of the digestive tract
what is ulcerative colitis
inflammation and ulcers in the lining of the colon and rectum
what are common screening questions for AxSpa
- lower back pain that has existed for >3 months
- waking in the second half of the night
- buttock pain
- current/ past enthesitis
- current/ past psoriasis
- IBD
what do you want to monitor in a clinical examination
- nails and skin
- spine and hip ROM
- palpation of spine and SIJ
- examine peripheral joints
- palpation of enthesis
- chest expansion
what do you want to look for on skin and where
you want to look for psoriasis on the back of elbows and knees and around the edge of the scalp and behind the ear
what are you looking for in nails
you want to check if nails are clubbed
what ROM do you asses in the spine
- flexion
- extension
- rotation
- lateral flexion
what ROM will AxSpa have a reduction in
it will have a reduction in lateral flexion
what measurement is considered a reduced chest expansion
anything less than 3cm is reduced
in what position is ROM in thoracic spine measured in
seated position
to isolate lower and mid thoracic spine where do you put your hands
across your chest
to isolate upper thoracic spine where do you put your hands
behind the head
when looking at peripheral joints what should you look at
ROM and swelling
what is synovitis
this is the inflammation of the synovial membrane this is the tissue in the lining of the joints.
what enthesis should we check
- plantar fascia
- achilles
- anterior chest
what are some inflammatory markers in the blood
- CRP (C-Reactive Protein)
- ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)
what is HLA-B27 (human leukocyte antigen B27)
this is a a protein found on the surface of white blood cells, and it’s a genetic marker strongly associated with certain autoimmune diseases, particularly AxSpa
what are the two types of AxSpa
- radiographical
- non-radiographical (early stages)
Being physically inactive is where someone is moderately active….?
A. Less than 30 minutes a week
B. Less than 40 minutes a week
C. Less than 50 minutes a week
D. Less than 60 minutes a week
A. Less than 30 minutes a week
what are some barriers to exercise
- pain
- fatigue
- work
- breathlessness
- family
- not enjoyable
- fear
- motivation
what are DMARDs
disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug
what are DMARDs used to treat
they treat peripheral joint disease
what are some examples of DMARDs
Hydroxychloroquine
Methotrexate
Sulfasalazine
Leflunomide
