learning disabilities Flashcards
what is the 3 bits of criteria for a learning disability patient (LDP)
- a significantly reduced cognition with an IQ < 70
- impaired social function
- started before adulthood (before 18th birthday)
What role do physiotherapists play in the community learning disability team?
They are essential in meeting the health and physiotherapy needs of adults with a learning disability.
Physiotherapists work closely with individuals and their care networks to provide tailored support.
What do specialist Learning Disability physiotherapists do?
They make adjustments to provide successful physiotherapy that is crucial for effectively addressing the unique needs of individuals with learning disabilities.
True or False: All physiotherapy services can adequately meet the needs of adults with a learning disability without adjustments.
False
what are lead roles
they are roles that are essential for the learning disability physio to take responsibility for delivering
what are contributory roles
they are roles that the learning disability physio will contribute and work in collaboration with members of the MDT or other services
what are supporting roles
they are roles that underpin the successful provision of the lead and contributory roles of the physio
what are some examples of lead roles
- 24hour postural management
- community level respiratory management
- falls prevention and intervention
what are some examples of contributory roles
- complex and therapeutic manual handling
- specialist level resp management
- management of spasticity, hypertonia
- MDT management of dysphagia
what are some examples of supporting roles
- training and education of adults with a learning disability
- aid the transition of young people to adult services
- assessment and provision of specialist equipment
what is a common cause of death in patients with learning disabilities
respiratory conditions are a common cause of deaths in patients with LD
what are some reasonable adjustments made within healthcare appointments
- multiple sessions if needed
- making sessions accessible
- having a calm environment
- allowing a supporting person to aid the LDP if needed
- assuming the LDP has capacity until proven otherwise
can a person with learning disabilities give consent
- yes
- no
- sometimes
- carer has to give consent
yes
the answer can be all but the carer giving consent, they cannot give consent for someone else
if a LDP cannot give consent, they are treated in best interest
when considering the Mental capacity act and consent (MCA) what aspects should be considered:
- mental capacity act 2005
- assessment of capacity
- relevant information
- best interest decision
- depravation of liberty safeguards (DoLS)
what is depravation of liberty safeguards (DoLS) designed for
DoLS is designed to protect individuals who lack the mental capacity to make decisions about their care and treatment, ensuring any restrictions on their freedom are necessary, proportionate, and in their best interests.
LDP have a (longer or shorter) life expectancy than people without LDs
lower
what is socially common for LDPs
- more likely to live in poverty
- more likely to suffer from chronic illness
- more likely to be bullied or discriminated against
- less likely to have paid employment
what does LeDeR stand for
learning from lives and deaths
what does LeDeR do
its a service that helps make services better for LDPs and autistic people
it looks into whether their death was due to a deterioration in health or was it due to inadequate care
what percentage of deaths were from an avoidable cause which could have been prevented by good quality healthcare
49%
what are the 3 main laws and acts to consider
- the Human Rights Act (1998)
- the Equality Act (2010)
- the Health and Care Act (2022)
what is the Human Rights Act (1998)
its the main law protecting human rights in the UK, its a legal duty of officials to respect the 16 rights
what is the Equality Act (2010)
this is the duty on employers to make reasonable adjustments to ensure equity of access to services is available for people with disabilities
what is the Health and Care Act (2022)
this is a requirement that all health and social care providers ensure staff receive training on learning disabilities and autism appropriate to their role
what is the training required by healthcare professionals
Oliver McGowan training
how are barriers to healthcare split up
they are split into intrinsic and extrinsic
what are intrinsic barriers to healthcare
they are barriers to do with the patient themselves
that could be cognition, understanding and communication
what are extrinsic barriers to healthcare
- a persons network of care, making sure that everyone involved knows what is needed to be done for the individual
- the professional that provide the care, making sure that professionals have had training and are working within their scope
-health and social organisations, supporting the needs of the LD patients, and just aiding them where possible
what are some protective measures
- health action plan
- annual health checks
- hospital passports
- positive behaviour support
- Oliver McGowen training
- reasonable adjustments
what is a health action plan
its a guide to a person’s health, made by the person with a learning disability and the people who know them best. It provides details about the person’s health and the best ways to support them to get the right treatment and health care.
what is included in an annual health check for LDPs
a full physical and mental well-being assessment, that may be supported by an LD Nurse
what is a hospital passport
a document to assist the best personalised holistic care when admitted to hospital.
what is the Oliver McGowen training
it is a nationwide training to be undertaken by all working with those with a learning disability.
what are some reasonable adjustments
- clear simple speech
- use of easy read
- longer appointments
- quite areas with appropriate lighting
- joined by a LD nurse
- better physical access and help to get around
what tool is used to screen for a LD
the learning disability screening questionnaire (LDSQ)
why is an LDSQ good
its quick and easy to use and requires little demand on anyone and it justifies eligibility to access LD services
if people are screened with the LDSQ and they don’t have an LD what happens next, what is their pathway
we can refer to social services to possibly provide a POC
we have to signpost people
how many questions are in the LDSQ
7
to validate a learning disability what percentage must be scored
70% - lower score means you have more of a chance of having a LD
what is an easy read
it a way to convey info to LDPs. it allows information to be accessible to all people, these are reviewed by a professional with LDs
what are chrematistics of an easy read
- simple language - layman’s terms
- single sentences with no punctuation, italics or underlining
- minimum size of 14
- be in a plain font
