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Master Sommelier Exam > Rhône Valley Theory > Flashcards

Rhône Valley Theory Flashcards

1
Q

What is the French name for the Northern Rhone? The Southern Rhone?

A

Rhône septentrionale (North)

Rhône méridionale (South)

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2
Q

The Northern Rhone extends from what city to which city?

A

Vienne to Valence

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3
Q

The Southern Rhone starts in what city and funnels outwards toward which city?

A

From Montélimar funneling outward towards Avignon

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4
Q

Who was the first to construct the terraces in the Rhone Valley?

A

Roman workers

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5
Q

When did Pope Clement V move the papal court to Avignon?

A

1309

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6
Q

Merchants of Bordeaux blended what “manly” wine with theirs during the 18th and 19th centuries?

A

Hermitage

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7
Q

Chateauneuf-du-Pape became the first AOC in France in what year?

A

1936

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8
Q

How does the climate of the Northern Rhone differ from that of the Southern Rhone in regards to temperature, rainfall, and annual sunlight hours?

A

The Northern Rhône is more continental with greater seasonal temperature shifts, more rainfall, and fewer annual hours of sunshine than the southern appellations.

The Southern Rhône is firmly Mediterranean in climate with less seasonal temperature variations, less rainfall, and more sunshine hours.

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9
Q

What is the Mistral and where does it come from? Which seasons does it impact the vineyards of the Northern Rhone the most? What benefit does it provide?

A

Cold, dry wind that blows down from the Massif Central impacting the Northern Rhône in winter and spring.

The benefit of the wind is that it dries the vineyards, preventing mold and mildew from taking hold.

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10
Q

What is the unique soil type found in Condrieu called? What is it composed of?

A

Arzelle

Composed of a thin topsoil layer of rich, powdery, decomposed mica

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11
Q

What are the best soil types that characterize the best vineyards of Côte Rôtie, Condrieu, and Hermitage?

A

heat-retaining granitic and schistous soils

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12
Q

What type of soil is found in higher proportions in St-Joseph, Crozes-Hermitage, and St-Péray?

A

Heavier soils with clay

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13
Q

Which white grape in the Rhone Valley is known for its oily texture and marzipan character?

A

Marsanne

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14
Q

Which white grape adds acidity and a waxy minerality to wines?

A

Roussanne

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15
Q

What are the grape requirements for Hermitage AOP red wines? White?

A

Rouge Syrah with max 15% Marsanne/Roussanne

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16
Q

Name two producers of Vin de Paille in Hermitage.

A

Chave

Chapoutier

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17
Q

Name 5 producers of Hermitage.

A 
Jean Louis Chave
Paul Jaboulet Aîné
M. Chapoutier
Bernard Faury
Delas
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18
Q

What is the name of the French war hero who lived on the hill of Hermitage that ultimately gave the hill its name?

A

Gaspard de Stérimberg

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19
Q

Where is Crozes-Hermitage located in relation to Hermitage? How do they differ stylistically?

A

Located behind and around the hill of Hermitage.

The wines of Crozes-Hermitage are generally lighter and less ageworthy

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20
Q

What are the grape requirements for Crozes-Hermitage red wines?

A

Syrah with a maximum combined 15% Marsanne and Roussanne

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21
Q

Name 5 producers of Crozes-Hermitage.

A 
Alain Graillot
Domaine Entrefaux
Ferraton
Delas
Colombier
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22
Q

What does Côte Rôtie mean? Who is the largest producer there?

A

Roasted slope

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23
Q

What direction do the best vineyards in Côte Rôtie face?

A

Southeast

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24
Q

What are the two slopes nearest to Ampuis that are considered the heart of the appellation? How do they differ stylistically?

A

Côte Brune and Côte Blonde

Blonde produces wines that are softer, earlier maturing, and alluring wines

Brune produces stronger, more assertive, and longer-lived wines

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25
Q

Name three La-La vineyards.

A

La Landonne
La Turque
La Mouline

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26
Q

Which appellations is physically the smallest red wine appellation in the Northern Rhone?

A

Cornas

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27
Q

What is the name of the major soil type in Cornas and what is it composed of?

A

Gore

naked granite

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28
Q

Why is Cornas among the warmest wine regions in the Northern Rhone?

A

The sun’s warmth is magnified by the gore (naked granite) and the appellation itself is shielded from the Mistral.

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29
Q

What are the 4 lieux-dits of Cornas?

A

Les Reynards
La Côte
Les Chaillot
Les Mazards

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30
Q

Name 5 producers of Cornas.

A 
Auguste Clape
Thierry Alemand
Vincent Paris
Juge
Pierre Gaillard
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31
Q

What are the great requirements for St-Joesph?

A

Rouge requires min of 90% Syrah with up to 10% Marsanne and/or Roussane

Blanc is made from any proportion of Marsanne and/or Roussanne.

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32
Q

Name five producers of St-Joseph.

A 
Chave
Bernard Gripa
Guigal
André Perret
Domaine Monier
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33
Q

What style of wine is St-Peray most noticeable for?

A

Traditional method sparkling wine made from Marsanne and Roussanne

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34
Q

Name a producer of St-Peray.

A

Aurelien Chatagnier

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35
Q

Name four producers of Condrieu.

A

Yves Cuilleron
Yves Gangloff
André Perret
George Vernay

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36
Q

What grape must comprise 100% of Coteaux de Die AOP?

A

Clairette

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37
Q

What are the three communes of production for Côte-Rotie from North to South? Which is known for the best wines?

A

Saint-Cyr-sur-Rhône
Ampuis
Tupin-Semons

Ampuis is known for the best wines

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38
Q

What is the maximum amount of Viognier permitted in Côte-Rôtie?

A

20% Viognier

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39
Q

What is the minimum potential alcohol for Côte-Rotie?

A

10.5%

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40
Q

What is the minimum must weight for Côte-Rôtie?

A

171g/L

41
Q

What is the maximum RS for Côte-Rôtie?

A

3g/L (4g/L if alcohol is greater than 13.5%)

42
Q

What harvest methods are permitted in Côte-Rotie?

A

Manual harvests are mandatory

43
Q

What is the minimum planting density for Côte-Rôtie?

A

6,000 vines/ha

44
Q

What is the maximum yield for Côte-Rôtie?

A

40hl/ha

45
Q

What are the main soil types of both the Côte Blonde and the Côte Brune?

A

gneiss for Blonde

mica-schistous rock for Brune

46
Q

When was the Côte-Rotie appellation established?

A

1940

47
Q

Describe the methode Dioise Ancestrale and what wine uses it.

A

“Clairette de Die Methode Dioise” is a single fermentation that begins in a large vat but finishes in the bottle. When finished fermenting, it is filtered and transferred into a fresh bottle. NO liqueur di Tirage or expedition may be used. Min 50% Muscat a petits grains.”

48
Q

Is Coteaux de Die a still or sparkling wine AOC?

A

Still, It was created in 1993 to soak up all the clairette grapes that could no longer be used for sparkling.

49
Q

How does Cremant de Die differ from Clairette de Die Methode Dioise Ancestral?

A

The cremant must be 55% Clairette minimum, with min 10% Aligote, 5-10% Muscat Blanc a Petit Grains produced methode champenoise (with a min. 12 months spent on lees), where as the Dioise Ancestral is a single fermentation made from at least 75% Muscat Blanc a petite Grains, plus Clairette (4 months minimum lees aging).

50
Q

Where is St. Peray located and what types of wine does it produce?

A

St. Peray is found in the Northern Rhone and produces white still and sparkling wines from Marsanne and Roussanne grapes.

51
Q

What is the major grape(s) for red wines and white wines respectively for Châtillon-en-Dioise AOP?

A

a

52
Q

What is the climate of the Southern Rhone classified?

A

a

53
Q

What is the dominating soil type that is found mostly throughout the Southern Rhone?

A

a

54
Q

What is the unique soil type found in Châteauneuf-du-Pape but not found at Château Rayas? What is the soil composed of? What does this soil type do for the vines at night?

A

a

55
Q

What is the minimum potential alcohol for Châteauneuf reds that is the highest in France for dry AOP wines?

A

a

56
Q

What is le rape? What does it serve as a safeguard against?

A

a

57
Q

Châteauneuf-du-Pape is typically aged in what type of barrel?

A

a

58
Q

Châteauneuf-du-Pape allows the use of up to 13 grapes, or 18 depending on who you ask. What are they?

A

a

59
Q

What can be found on all estate-bottled wines of Châteauneuf-du-Pape?

A

a

60
Q

What is the largest AOP in the Southern Rhone? What percentage of the Rhone Valley’s wines are produced under this appellation?

A

a

61
Q

What 17 communes may append their name to Côte du Rhone-Villages AOP wines?

A

a

62
Q

What style of wines are produced in Gigondas?

A

a

63
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Grenache that must be present in Gigondas red blends? What other two grapes are most commonly blended with it?

A

a

64
Q

What is the dominating soil type present in Gigondas?

A

a

65
Q

What styles of wine are produced in Vacqueyras?

A

a

66
Q

What is the minimum percentage of Grenache that must be present in Vacqueyras AOP wines?

A

a

67
Q

What style of wines are produced in Vinsobres AOP?

A

a

68
Q

What style of wine is produced in Beaumes de Venise?

A

a

69
Q

What is the most recent appellation established in the Southern Rhône? What styles of wine are produced here?

A

a

70
Q

Which appellation in the Southern Rhône unwittingly served as France’s doorway to the phylloxera incursion?

A

a

71
Q

Which appellation is dedicated exclusively to rosé production? What is the dominant grape of these wines? Name a producer of these wines.

A

a

72
Q

What is the Southern Rhône’s northernmost appellation? What was it formerly called?

A

a

73
Q

What appellation in the Southern Rhône exists for both dry red wines as well as fortified VDN wines of all colors?

A

a

74
Q

Rasteau creates VDN in various styles. Name them and describe their aging requirements and stylistic differences.

A

a

75
Q

What two communes can produce VDN wine under the Rasteau AOP? Which isn’t allowed to bottle dry red wines under the Rasteau AOP appellation?

A

a

76
Q

Muscat de Beaumes-de-Venise AOP is a VDN appellation wine that is produced in red, white, and rosé styles. What two versions of Muscat are used in their production?

A

a

77
Q

Which appellation in the Southern Rhône was up until 2004 a part of the Languedoc? What is the smaller AOP within this AOP’s borders that produceds wines from Clairette?

A

a

78
Q

What is the name of Jean-Louis Chave’s top bottling of Hermitage called and in what years has it been produced? What was the innaugaral vintage of his vin de paille wine?

A

a

79
Q

Domaine Jamet produces one of its top two bottlings form one of the two main slopes in Côte Rôtie. Which one is it?

A

a

80
Q

What was the innaugral vintage for Domaine Jamet Côte-Rôtie?

A

a

81
Q

When was the inaugural vintage of Clape Renaissance? Where are the grapes sourced from for this wine? What are the average age of the vines used for this wine?

A

a

82
Q

Auguste Clape’s Cornas is sourced from vines of an average age of what range?

A

a

83
Q

Clape’s Le Vin des Amis is a Côte du Rhône AOP wine that is sourced from where?

A

a

84
Q

What was the inaugural vintage for Allemand’s “Sans Souffre” bottling?

A

a

85
Q

Thierry Allemand produces his top wines from which two lieux-dits? In what years was one bottling produced combining the both?

A

a

86
Q

What is René Rostaing’s top bottling that was formerly called “Classique”? This wine is sourced form all of Rostaing’s lieux dits except which two?

A

a

87
Q

Which of René Rostaing’s top bottlings are 100% Syrah? Which is cofermented with 5% Viognier?

A

a

88
Q

What is the name of Alain Graillot’s top Crozes-Hermitage bottling that is only bottled in the best years?

A

a

89
Q

In what three regions in the Northern Rhône are Yves Cuilleron’s top wines produced?

A

a

90
Q

What is the grape of Cuilleron’s “Le Lombard” wine? What is the grape of his “Saint-Pierre” bottling? These wines are produced from vines in what AOP?

A

a

91
Q

Name the three Condrieu bottlings that Cuilleron produces and describe them. (vineyards sourced, style, aging)

A

a

92
Q

What three La-La vineyard bottlings does Guigal produce? Which is 100% Syrah? The others contain a small percentage of Viognier. Which has the highest percentage?

A

a

93
Q

What are the inaugural vintages for all of Guigal’s La-La bottlings? What was the inaugural vintage for “Château d’Ampuis”?

A

a

94
Q

What are Guigal’s Ermitage Blanc and Rouge bottlings called?

A

a

95
Q

What is the name of Gonon’s white wine bottling? What are the grape percentages?

A

a

96
Q

In what years has Gonon’s Saint-Joseph “Vieilles Vignes” been produced? When were the vines planted?

A

a

97
Q

Which Côte Rôtie producer makes “Blonde de Seigneur”?

A

a

98
Q

Who makes “la Barbarine” and when was the inaugural vintage?

A

a

Master Sommelier Exam (10 decks)

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