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Vineyards > Rhone > Flashcards

Rhone Flashcards

1
Q

What is The Rhone Brand?

A

1 internationally, more than Bordeaux or Champagne.

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2
Q

Who established vinyards in the Rhone?

A

The Romans who from 125BC sailed the Rhone River as a trade route.

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3
Q

How far north did they sail?

A

As far north as the City of Vienne.

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4
Q

What is in Donzere in the southern valley?

A

Villa du Molard, the largest winery and vineyard in antiquity.

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5
Q

When does it date from?

A

80-50bc

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6
Q

How large were the vineyards?

A

300 ha.

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7
Q

How much production was there?

A

250,000 litres per year.

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8
Q

A dispute in the Catholic church lead to…?

A

9 Popes residing in Avignon

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9
Q

Over what time period?

A

1305 - 1429 AD

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10
Q

During this period what happened?

A

Wine consumption was as high as 2 1/2 letres per day.

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11
Q

Who was the first Pope to plant vineyards?

A

Pope Clement V.

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12
Q

Where did he plant them?

A

At the foot of Mount Ventoux.

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13
Q

What did Pope John XXII do?

A

He built a summer palace in a village north of Avignon.

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14
Q

What else?

A

He planted vineyards in the area now known as Chateauneuf-du-Pape (New Chateau of the Pope).

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15
Q

When?

A

1317 AD

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16
Q

Who built the Pope Palace in Avignon?

A

Pope Benoit XII

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17
Q

When did he first reside there?

A

1335 AD

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18
Q

What happened in 1375 AD?

A

It was expanded into the Pope Palace you see today (Palais des Papes d’Avignon).

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19
Q

Who initiated white wine production in the area?

A

Pope Innocent VI.

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20
Q

Who brought Muscat?

A

Pope Urbain V who was from Champagne.

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21
Q

What do we see at the end of the Middle Ages?

A

Reference to “Cote du Rhone.

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22
Q

Who first designated the brand “Cote du Rhone

A

Louis XV.

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23
Q

When?

A

1737.

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24
Q

How?

A

By decreeing that Cote du Rhone be on all wine barrels production coming from the Rhone Valley

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25
Q

What is this?

A

The Very First “Proof of Origine”

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26
Q

How does it diff from toaday?

A

Its Cote du Rhone, singular, vs. today its Cotes du Rhone, plural.

27
Q

What struct the Village of Lirac in 1863?

A

Your old friend “Phylloxera”.

28
Q

What City was it near?

A

Avignon.

29
Q

What are the Fun “Facts & Figures”?

A

Keep reading!!!

30
Q

Who was appointed to establish the AOC system?

A

Pierre Baron Le Roy.

31
Q

What did he own?

A

Chateau Fortia in Chateauneuf-du-Pape.

32
Q

What year was he appointed to establish the AOC’s.

A

1936.

33
Q

How does the Rhone Valley stack up in volume?

A

It’s the 2nd largest wine producer by volume in France.

34
Q

How does it stack up in terms of vineyard ha?

A

2nd with 66,402 ha.

35
Q

Do people in the world like the wine?

A

Yes, its France’s most popular wine export.

36
Q

How does vineyards and wine production figure in the economy of the Rhone Valley?

A

Its the #1 direct and indirect employer with 50,000 jobs.

37
Q

How many voneyards are organic?

A

30% with another 20% in conversion.

38
Q

Color makeup?

A

75% Red, 15% Rose, 10% White

39
Q

What is the climate like?

A

Warm.

40
Q

But with what special thing?

A

The Mistral, a cooling wind from the mountains to the north.

41
Q

What is the Rhone Valley?

A

Its 2 distinct Regions.

42
Q

What are they?

A

The North and the South.

43
Q

What describes the climate of the north?

A

A Temperate Continental climate, No sea influence, very cold winter, very hot summer.

44
Q

What describes the north’s geography?

A

Steep slopes of granite and schist.

45
Q

What describes the climate of the southern Rhone?

A

Mediterranean, gentle in winter, not extremely hot in summer.

46
Q

What is the geography

A

Flat with soils of sedimentary rock deposited by the river, pebbles and loess.

47
Q

What is the soil of Chateauneuf du Pape?

A

Pebbles.

48
Q

What do they do?

A

Retain heat during the day and emit it at night to assist in ripening of the grapes and warming the vines.

49
Q

What grape does this type of “Pebble” soil work best for?

A

Grenache because it ripens a lot and produces wines with higher alcohol (Châteauneuf du Pape 15% ABV levels)

50
Q

What are the 3 largest cities of the Rhone Valley?

A

Lyon in the north, Valence ( still in the north but in the lower part) and Avignon ( in the south)

51
Q

What was the first AOC (now AOP) of the Rhone Valley?

A

Cotes-du-Rhone.

52
Q

When was it designated?

A

1937

53
Q

What is this?

A

It’s the regional or 1st level AOP.

54
Q

What percentage of AOP wines in the Rhone Valley does it represent?

A

48%

55
Q

What are they?

A

Still wines of Red, Rose and White.

56
Q

What is the maximum yield ?

A

48 Hl/ha.

57
Q

What are the main white grapes?

A

Bourboulenc B, Clairette B, Grenache B, Marsanne, Roussanne, Viognier B

58
Q

hat are the main red grapes?

A

Grenache N, Mourvedre N, Syrah.

59
Q

What must the red and rose wines be?

A

A blend of at least 70% of the main grapes.

60
Q

What must white wines be?

A

A blend of at least 80% of the main grapes.

61
Q

What must the balance of the red, rose or white wines be ?

A

From the other allowed grapes

62
Q

BUT…?

A

Max 5% of white grapes in Red wines and max 20% of white grapes in Rose

63
Q

End of Slide 9

A

No Kidding and time for a cocktail!!!!!

Vineyards (7 decks)

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