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Vineyards > Alsace > Flashcards

Alsace Flashcards

1
Q

When did the Romans take over Alsace?

A

58BC

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2
Q

When did they first plant grapes on the slopes of the Voges Mtns?

A

2nd Century AD

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3
Q

When did Clovis Impose French culture on Alsace?

A

496AD

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4
Q

When were the vines of Alsace entrusted to the Abbeys and Churches of Alsace and by whom?

A

Charlemagne 8th century

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5
Q

When did Charlemagne expand the management of vineyard and to whom?

A

To Kings and Princes in the 9th Century

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6
Q

What other important thing did Charlemagne do?

A

He allowed the church to make wine beyond just for services.

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7
Q

What varietals became prominent during the 15th and 16th century?

A

Riesling 1477, Muscat 1523, Traminer 1551

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8
Q

Where is the Traminer varietal from?

A

Italian origins

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9
Q

What happened between 1618 - 1648?

A

Religious wars that destroyed most vineyards in France including Alsace whose vineyards almost disappeared because farmers and farms die, not nobles

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10
Q

When was Alsace rules by Germany?

A

1870 - 1918

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11
Q

What did the germans do?

A

Got rid of Noble Grapes and planted more productive grapes and fruits in Alsace. Land attributed to Vineyards decreased a lot.

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12
Q

What happened in 1870?

A

Phylloxera hits and many grapes vines die out due to their inability to successfully graft.

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13
Q

What happened in November 1918?

A

Alsace became French again, vineyards are replanted and the idea of the “AOC” system begins to take root ( pardon the pun) in Alsace.

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14
Q

What happens after WW2?

A

Wine Makers rebuild region again with a mixture of what France and Germany do in wine making.

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15
Q

What makes Alsace one of the most complex wine regions of France?

A

The geological formations of the Rhine Valley

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16
Q

What created the formations?

A

150 million years ago, the sea rolled over it with sandstone, limestone, and marl settling on top , the land rose up, then collapsed in the center creating the Rhine Valley.

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17
Q

What land and soil conditions did his create?

A

Steep slopes with layers of different soil types including sedimentary sea and river deposits and erosion that add to the complexity of the soil.

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18
Q

Main soil types

A

Marly Sandstone - Lively Fruity wines
Granite/Gneiss - Very fresh pure wines
Schist - Pure wine, great aging - best Riesling
Clay Marls - Body, Aromatic Complex

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19
Q

If you mix the main soils, what do you get?

A

13 identified different soil compositions

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20
Q

How is Alsace different?

A

Its the most arid region in France

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21
Q

What borders Alsace?

A

Black Forest on the east, West Voges Myns on the west

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22
Q

What is the climate of Alsace?

A

Warm Continental climate that is the driest in France

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23
Q

What is the wine capital of Alsace?

A

Colmar

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24
Q

When was the first AOC created?

A

1962, AOC Alsace + Name of the grape varietal. This convention is unique in France.

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25
Q

How is this unique?

A

Adding the grape to the label is mandatory and copies the german labeling convention

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26
Q

What was created in 1963?

A

CIVA, the Union of Alsace Winemakers

27
Q

What happened in 1972?

A

Alsace patented the “Flute” shaped bottle called “Vin du Rhin” and its use is mandatory/

28
Q

What happened in 1975?

A

AOC Alsace Grand Cru is created

29
Q

What grapes can only be used in a Grand Cru?

A

Riesling, Muscat, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris

30
Q

What was the first “Grand Cru”?

A

Schlossberg which is a vineyard area Plot

31
Q

For Grand Cru, what must the label say?

A

AOC Alsace + Grape Varietal + Vineyard Plot

32
Q

What happened in 1976?

A

AOC Cremant d’Alsace created. Sparkling wine in the Traditional Method.

33
Q

How does AOC Cremant d’Alsace differ from AOC Alsace?

A

Its can be blended and irt is not mandatory to put the varietals used on the label

34
Q

What happened to Grand Cru’s in 1983?

A

An extended list of Vineyards is added

35
Q

What happened in 1984?

A

Vendange Tardives (late harvest) and Grains Noble (noble rot) are added to the labels as special mention wines

36
Q

What happened in 2011?

A

A mid level between AOC Alsace and Grand Cru was added

37
Q

What is the convention for mid level

A

AOC Alsace + name of area or village ie: AOC Alsace Bolinberg. It can be a village or an area or both together

38
Q

What happened in 2015?

A

Layer between AOC Alsace + Village and AOC Alsace Grand Cru created “Premier Cru”

39
Q

How many AOC’s are in Alsace?

A

53 AOC’s

40
Q

What is the make up?

A

1 - AOC Alsace - Regional (+ Grape, + Village or locality, + optional special mention), 1 - AOC Crémant d/Alsace, 51 AOC Alsace Grand Cru of noble grapes + optional special mention

41
Q

What happened in the summer of 2022

A

Two “Grand Cru” vineyards were approved for Pinot Noir

42
Q

How many grapes are grown in Alsace

A

12, 4 noble

43
Q

What grapes must be used for AOP Alsace?

A

The 4 Noble grapes plus 6 other for a total of 10. All wines must be 100% from one grape and can be still, white, rose or red

44
Q

What grape can’t be used at AOP Alsace?

A

Chardonnay

45
Q

What is Chardonnay used in?

A

AOP CRemant d’Alsace Sparkling wine

46
Q

What are the two Blended wines of AOP Alsace?

A

AOP Alsace Edelzwicker and AOP Alsace Gentil

47
Q

What are these Blended wines

A

White Only

48
Q

What are the most planted grapes

A

Riesling, Pinot Blanc (most), Pinot Gris and Gewurztraminer

49
Q

What grape are they beginning to plant in Alsace

A

Syrah or Syraz for some of you! As a Vin de France

50
Q

What wine types do AOP Cremant d’Alsace

A

Rose and white from Hand Harvesting and Traditional Method ONLY

51
Q

How long bottle aging on Leis?

A

9 months, single grape or blended

52
Q

When is the release date assuming September harvest?

A

July of the following year giving you 5 months to market before the festive season

53
Q

How long does Loire and Champagne require on Leis?

A

12 and 15 months respectively

54
Q

How to serve AOP Cremant d”alsace?

A

6-8 C, by the glass or bottle, low level sparkling wine compared to Champagne. Pair with scallops, creamy flowered crust cheese or white meat - chicken supreme

55
Q

Define Grand Cru?

A

Delimited Perimeter, Specific Geological and Climatic Characteristics, Specific Varietals only 4 Noble Riesling, Muscat, Gewurztraminer, Pinot Gris ( Pinot Noir 2022)

56
Q

What is the only exception to the Grand Cru Grape types?

A

Grand Cru Zotzenberg Sylvaner grape

57
Q

What are the strict conditions of Grand Cru?

A

4 noble grapes, on the 51 recognized vineyards, grape vintage and name of vineyard on label, hand harvest, prior to approval, INAO controlled tasting done.

58
Q

What are the strict conditions of Special Mention wines?

A

Only 4 noble grapes, hand picked, grape varietal on label, no additional sugar may be added, tasted and analytical evaluation 18 months after harvest

59
Q

Residual sugar Late Harvest

A

257g/L Gewurztraminer or Pinot Gris, 235 g/L Riesling or Muscat

60
Q

Residual Sugar Grains Nobles

A

306 g/L Gewurztraminer or Pinot Gris, 276 g/L Riesling or Muscat

61
Q

What is Mandatory on the Labels of special Mention wines

A

Either the Special Mention Name (Vendanges Tardives or Grains Nobles) or the scale (Sec (dry) to Doux (sweet) to as set by regulators

62
Q

What is Marc of Gewurztraminer?

A

The french equivalent of Italian Grappa distillation of the skin after fermentation

63
Q

Notable Alsatian Cheese

A

Munster

Vineyards (7 decks)

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