Rheumatology Flashcards
What is gout of the first MTP called?
Podagra
If you suspect gout, where else on the body should you look?
The ears, to check for tophi.
What gives you a ‘pencil and cup’ sign on hand X-ray?
Psoriatic arthritis
What rash do you classically get with anti-phospholipid syndrome?
Livedo reticularis
Define vasculitis
Inflammation of blood vessels lead to occlusion (ischaemia and gangrene) and end organ damage
Large vessel vasculitides
Takayasu’s vasculitis and Temporal arteritis
Both cause giant cell infiltration of major vessels with destruction of IEL and intimal hyperplasia
Medium vessel vasculitides
Polyarteritis nodosum and Kawasaki disease
Small vessel vasculitides
Wegener’s granulomatosis
Churg-Strauss syndrome
Microscopic polyangiitis
What are the most common autoantibodies present in SLE?
Double-stranded DNA
How does SLE vary with the menstrual cycle?
Flares pre-menstrually, improves post and at menopause.
What 4 things happen in SLE that relate to the pathogenesis?
- altered apoptosis
- increased immune complex formation
- impaired immune complex clearance (related to complement and Fc-gamma receptor mutations)
- local tissue damage by immune complexes
What is the sex ratio of SLE?
9 women : 1 man
What is Jaccoud’s arthropathy?
Not really an arthropathy, but swan neck finger deformities caused by tendonitis/synovitis in SLE.
What lung features may occur in SLE?
Shrinking lung syndrome (due to diaphragm problem)
And more..
How might SLE affect the nervous system?
Migraine, Stroke, Fit, Chorea, Myelitis, Meningitis, Psychiatric upset
