O&G

Question 0

How is Down’s syndrome screened for?

Answer 0

Combined (10-14+1) and quadruple test (later)

Question 1

A pregnant woman with a low PAPP-A level is at risk of what?

Answer 1

IUGR - need growth scans

Question 2

What is the chance of picking up an anomaly on a 20 wk anomaly USS?

Answer 2

25-50% heart defect
70% spina bifida
60-90 diaphragmatic hernia

Question 3

What is a threatened miscarriage?

Answer 3

Bleeding / pain in pregnancy with closed oss - if open = inevitable miscarriage

Question 4

Mean gestational sac size?

Answer 4

25

Question 5

CRL with no heart beat = miscarriage?

Answer 5

7mm

Question 6

After 24 weeks what should you worry about if bleeding present?

Answer 6

Labour
Abruption
Praevia/Creta
>85% unknown

Question 7

When do you give anti-D before 12 weeks?

Answer 7

Ectopic pregnancy or any surgical management

Question 8

Does prednisolone cross the placental barrier?

Answer 8

No, give dexamethosone or but, only one dose, not repeat.

Question 9

How far should the placenta be from the cervical OSS for a normal delivery?

Answer 9

2cm

Question 10

What does term mean?

Answer 10

37-42 weeks

Question 11

What do you need to know with regard to placenta praevia?

Answer 11

Where the placenta is and whether they have previously had a c section. If anterior at risk of placenta creta

Question 12

What are the 3 stages of placenta creta?

Answer 12

Accreta, increta, percreta.

Question 13

What increases the risk of placenta accreta?

Answer 13

C-sections - each one further increased the risk

Myomectomy, Ashermans syndrome, UAE, S/M Fibroids

Question 14

Incidence of some form of placental abruption?

Answer 14

0.4 - 1% of pregnancies

Question 15

What 1 situation do you do a c-section before stabilising mother?

Answer 15

Cardiac arrest as it helps with resuscitation - within 4 minutes

Question 16

Causes of PPH?

Answer 16

Atonic uterus 85-90%
Trauma
Tissues
Thrombus (DIC?)

Question 17

Which group of people do you not give ergometrine?

Answer 17

Pre-eclampsia and / or hypertension as can worsen.

Question 18

How does syntocinon work?

Answer 18

PPG, oxytocin receptor agonist

Question 19

What is pre-eclampsia?

Answer 19

Multisystem disorder

High blood pressure (>140/90) with protein in the urine (protein:creatinine >30) and symptomatic

Question 20

Risk factors for pre-eclampsia?

Answer 20

Pre-existing hypertension
Previous pre-eclampsia
First pregnancy
Maternal age
Family history
Diabetes
Twin pregnancies

Question 21

Management of pre-eclampsia?

Answer 21

Manage blood pressure with beta-blockers

Monitor baby, fetal dopplers, thickeness of something…

Question 22

When is someone with pre-eclampsia most at risk of fits?

Answer 22

After delivery

Question 23

When so you screen for gestational diabetes?

Answer 23

28 weeks, 16 weeks if at risk or expected

Question 24

Lamda sign on USS means?

Answer 24

Dichorionic twins

Question 25

Types of multiple pregnancy

Answer 25

DCDA, MCDA, MCMA