Rheumatological/MSK Flashcards
1
Q
Garden classfication
A
1 - incomplete, undisplaced
2 - complete, undisplaced
3 - complete, partially displaced
4 - complete, completely displaced
2
Q
X-ray changes in gout
A
PNS:
- Periarticular erosions
- Normal joint space
- Soft tissue swelling
3
Q
Management of gout
A
Acute:
- NSAIDs (but not aspirin)
- Colchicine
- Prednisolone
Chronic:
- Lifestyle modification
- Allopurinol
4
Q
X-ray changes in osteoarthritis
A
LOSS:
- Loss of joint space
- Osteophytes
- Subarticular sclerosis
- Subchondral cysts
5
Q
Management of osteoarthritis
A
Conservative:
- Weight loss
- Physiotherapy/muscle strengthening/hydrotherapy
- Gait aid
Drugs:
- Analgesia
- Glucosamine/chondroitin
- Fish oil
- Viscosupplementation (intra-articular injections)
- Steroid injections
Surgery:
-Joint replacement
6
Q
Skin changes in dermatomyositis
A
- Heliotrope rash (violaceous rash around eyes)
- Gottron’s papules (red papules over MCP/PIP/DIP)
- Macular rash/shawl sign (over back and shoulders)
7
Q
X-ray changes in psoriatic arthritis
A
PPP:
DIP erosion
Periarticular bone formation
Pencil-in-cup deformity
8
Q
Causes of reactive arthritis
A
Chlamydia Salmonella Campylobacter Shigella Yersinia
9
Q
Quality of pleural effusion in rheumatoid arthritis
A
Exudative with lymphocytes and low glucose
10
Q
X-ray changes in rheumatoid arthritis
A
SOLD:
- Soft tissue swelling
- Juxta-articular osteopenia
- Loss of joint space
- Joint deformity
11
Q
Management of rheumatoid arthritis
A
Non-pharmacological:
- Exercise
- Gait aid
- Thermotherapy
Pharmacological:
- Analgesics
- Fish oil
- DMARDs - hydroxychloroquine/sulfasalazine (mild) or methotrexate (moderate)
- NSAIDs - for flare-ups
- Prednisolone - bridging for DMARD therapy
12
Q
CREST syndrome
A
- Calcinosis
- Raynaud’s phenomenon
- Esophageal dysmotility
- Sclerodactyly
- Telangiectasiae
