Rheumatoid Arthritis and Osteoarthritis

Question 1

Rheumatoid arthritis symptoms

Answer 1

• stiffness in the morning and more than 1hrs.
• onset or gradual develops
• fatigue, weakness, weight loss and fever
• lymph nodes and spleen are swollen.
• bilateral- corresponding joints on both sides of the body are affected at thee same time.
• ACPA positive

Question 2

Osteoarthritis Symptoms

Answer 2

• stiffness in the morning and no more than 1hrs.
• joints are enlarged and hard
• pain is described as sharp ache or burning sensation
• slow loss of mobility because joints stiffen, dry cracking or grating sound.
• worsen with excessive or prolonged use. (DIFFERENCE WITH RA)
• humid and cold weather increases pain

Question 3

causes of RA

Answer 3

• auto immune disease
• when your immune system is attacking your healthy tissue in your joints
• environmental factors may trigger the disease
• if they have high rheumatoid factors in their blood

Question 4

causes of OA

Answer 4

• more likely if women
• people from ages 65-75 more likely
• congenital joint anomalies (joint disease)
• IL1 and TNF inflammation
• obesity
• joint injury
• hard core jobs

Question 5

How to diagnosis RA?

Answer 5

• mostly affects small joints (hands and feets)
• pain at rest
• fatigue can be severe throughout the day
• rheumatoid factor: positive in 80% of patients
• Elevated WBC insynovial fluid with more from lymphocytes and neutrophils.

Question 6

How to diagnosis OA?

Answer 6

• progressive
• mostly affects weight bearing joints (knees, hips and spines)
• pain after activity and improves wile resting
• fatigue: not typical
• rheumatoid factor: negative
• elevated WBC less by 25% neutrophils and the presence of cartilage cells.

Question 7

Treatment or management of OA

Answer 7

• non weight bearing exercise
• analgesia
• NSAIDs to reduce synthesis of prostaglandin
• Glucosamine and chondroitin supplementation (to rebuild damaged cartilage)
• Intra-articular injection of corticosteroids
• Intraarticular viscosupplementation

FUTURE
- use stem cells to regrow lost hyaline cartilage.
- MMP inhibitors
- IL-1 inhibitors

Question 8

Treatment or management of RA

Answer 8

• NSAIDs (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug) - reduces inflam by inhibiting the synthesis of inflam prostaglandins. (COX-1 and COX-2)
  -DMARDS (disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs)
• anti-rheumatic drugs - reduces the progress of disease
• biologic agents - reduces effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines
• physical interventions

Physical methods
- exercise
- surgery - tighten lax tendons in joints. HIP and KNEEs are often replaced.

by the time RA is diagnosed the joints will be already damaged.

Question 9

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

Answer 9

autoimmune inflammatory disorder, affects many parts of the body not only joints.

Question 10

What is osteoarthritis?

Answer 10

a degenerative disorder, limited to joints