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Blood Bank: 1st Sem > Rh Blood Group > Flashcards

Rh Blood Group Flashcards

1
Q

it takes how many ml of FMH to isoimmunize the mother?

A

atleast 0.01mL

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2
Q

when is Rho(D) immune globulin given to the pregnant woman?

A

before 12 weeks

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3
Q

a mini-dose of 150 mcg Rho(D) immune globulin will suppress immune response to how much Rh+ RBCs?

A

2.5 mL

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4
Q

after 12 weeks, how much dose of Rho(D) immune globulin is recommended?

A

300mcg

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5
Q

A standard dose of Rho(D) immune globulin (300 mcg) covers FMH up to

A

15mL fetal RBC

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6
Q

HbF is resistant to

A

alkali denaturation

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7
Q

is an acid-elution assay performed on maternal blood to determine the amount of HbF that has passed into the maternal circulation

A

Kleihauer-Betker Test

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8
Q

the smear in KB method is stained via what method?

A

Shepard’s method

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9
Q

The fetal red blood cells are left ____ in color, and the maternal cells appear ____due to the absence of staining.

A

rose-pink “ghost-like”

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10
Q

How many cells are counted in KB test?

A

2000 cells

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11
Q

formula used to estimate total amount of FMH

A

percentage of fetal cells = number of fetal cells X 100 / total number of RBCs.

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12
Q

is a qualitative screening test performed on a maternal blood sample to determine if FMH has occurred between an Rh-positive fetus and an Rh-negative mother and serves as a useful screening test.

A

Rosette test

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13
Q

The rosette test is performed by incubating the Rh-negative maternal venous whole blood sample with____

A

anti-Rho(D) immune globulin

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14
Q

In rosette test, enzyme treated indicator cells are added, only binding to the fetal cells that were present and sensitized, resulting in a process called

A

erythrocyte rosetting pattern

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15
Q

threshold of KB test

A

5 mL (thus, highly specific but with low sensitivity)

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16
Q

One vial of Rho(D) immune globulin contains ___mcg and protects against ___mL of fetal blood.

A

300 30

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17
Q

Volume (mL) of fetal blood formula:

A

Volume (mL) of fetal blood = Percentage of fetal cells x 50

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18
Q

Number of Vials of 300 mcg RhIG required formula:

A

Number of Vials of 300 mcg RhIG required = Volume of fetal blood/30 mL

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19
Q

combined equation: number of vials

A

Number of vials* = Percentage of fetal cells x 50 / 30

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20
Q

number of agglutinates to render positive in rosette test and suggests a significant FMH (>30 mL)

A

3 or more in 10 fields or 7 or more in 5 fields

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21
Q

indicator red cells used in Rosette test which will bind to the antibody-coated infant RBCs causing agglutination

A

ficin treated R2R2

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22
Q

RHD pseudogene (Rh—) commonly in

A

Africans

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23
Q

Del (Rh—) commonly in

A

Asians

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24
Q

RoRo genotype commonly in

A

African Americans

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25
Ror common in
Caucasians
26
Rh antigen passes through the RBC wall __times and resides on the
12
27
Rh antigens are transporters of?
Ammonia
28
Rh genotypes which possesses the largest number of D antigen sites
R2R2
29
Rh antigen with the highest frequency to caucasians and african american
e antigen
30
largest number of D antigen sites on Rh phenotypes
D—
31
has 92.7% - 92.9% Rh(+) individuals
Hispanic and African American
32
D negative in initial typing but detectable at IAT phase
Weak D
33
only weak D mechanism which produces anti-D
Partial D/ D Mosaic
34
Rh antigen is normal, but the steric arrangement of C interferes with D expressiongenotype: DCe/dce
Position effect: C in trans to D
35
D antigen is structurally complete but is hidden
Weak D
36
RBCs possesses an extremely low number of D antigen sites (20 sites/RBC)
Del
37
a weak D antigen mechanism which mosly occurs in 39% of Southeast Asians
Del
38
solution in Del (weak D)
adsorption and elution
39
a weak D mechanism at which 1 or more D epitopes within the entire D protein is missing/altered
Partial D/ Mosaic
40
weak D form that causes HDFN bcos of formed anti-D but is still typed as Rh (+)
Partial D/ Mosaic
41
Rh antibody:antigen complex destruction/hemolysis mechanism
extravascular destruction
42
type of anti-D reagent with reduced incubation time
high protein anti-D reagent
43
this anti-D reagents allows you to perform weak D testing and slide testing
High protein anti-D reagents
44
potentiators used in high protein anti-D reagent
bovine albumin and dextran
45
Rh typing reagent which breaks the disulfide bonds in the antibody allowing it to relax
chemically-modified reagent
46
it is performed to define antibody specificity of Rh if DAT is positive
Elution stuies
47
48
Rh null is also negative for what antigen? what antigens are decreased?
negative: LW and FY5decreased: S, s, U (also decreased in Rhmod)
49
if an Rh null cell is exposed to Rh (+/-) blood, it will form what antibody?
Anti-Rh29
50
this antibody will show reactivity with cord blood regardless of Rh type
Anti-LW
51
common american african Rh haplotype
Dce
52
Rh antibodies of greatest clinical significance
IgG1 and IgG3
53
reagent used in Kleihauer-Betke Test
Citric acid
54
what phenotype of both c & e are present in the same haplotype
f
55
it is also known as a compound antigen
f
56
what phenotype has a compound antigen (C & e) on the RhCe protein
rhi
57
antigen present in most D+ cells and all C+ RBCs
G
58
antigen present on all RBCs at which antibodyformed is directed to entire protein from RhCE genes
Rh17 (Anti-Rh17 reacts with all RhCE antigens)
59
low prevalence antigens associated with a specific category of partial D
Rh23, Rh30, Rh40, Rh52
60
rare phenotype often found in white
Rh33 (Har)
61
associated with rare variant haplotype RoHar
Rh33
62
this gene codes for normal c amounts but reduced e, f, Hro, D
RoHar gene
63
rare ohenotype primarily found in African American
Rh32
64
low prevalence antigen associated with R1[D(C)(e)]C and e antigens are expressed weaklyD antigen ang exaggeratedly expressed
65
aka crawford antigen
Rh43
66
rare phenotype found in Africans
Rh32
67
rare phenotype which has a low prevalence in Caucasian and prevalent among African American
V and VS
68
produces anti-Rh17 or anti-Hro
D—

Blood Bank: 1st Sem (7 decks)

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