Fundamental Concepts

Question 1

you can only collect 500mL +/- 10% of blood if the patients has a minimum hematocrit of?

Answer 1

38%

anticoagulant is now 70mL

Question 2

a cytoplasmic pump which prevents excessive intracellular calcium buildup

Answer 2

Calmodulin

Question 3

Increased DPG, Temperature and oxygen partial pressure

Answer 3

Shift to the Right

Question 4

Decreased DPG, temperature, and partial pressure of oxygen

Answer 4

Left Shift

Question 5

Anticoagulant: storage time is 35 days

Answer 5

CPDA-1

Question 6

Anticoagulant: storage time is 21 days

Answer 6

ACD-A (for apheresis)
CPD
CP2D

Question 7

aside from adenine content of CLDA-1 anticoagulant, what is the other difference with CPD?

Answer 7

it has 25% more glucose

Question 8

Why is it important for the plastic blood bags to be CO2 permeable?

Answer 8

To maintain higher pH levels during storage

Question 9

what are other plastic containers aside from PVC?

Answer 9

Polyolefin (no DEHP) and latex-free plastic containers

Question 10

Adsol reduce Hct from around 65% to 80% to around?

Answer 10

55% to 65%

Question 11

How much Adsol is added to the packed rbc derived from a 450 mL whole blood?

Answer 11

100mL

Question 12

Difference of AS3 from other AdSol?

Answer 12

does not contain mannitol but instead, contains citrate and phosphate

Question 13

where is RBC freezing primarily used?

Answer 13

for autologous units and storage of rare blood types

Question 14

storage temperature in RBC freezing with glycerol?

Answer 14

-65*C (but still depends on the conc. of glycerol used)

Question 15

maximum storage temp. of high glycerol rbc freezing

Answer 15

-65*C

Question 16

maximum storage temp. of low glycerol rbc freezing

Answer 16

-120*C

Question 18

Type of freezer for both glycerol technique in rbc freezing

Answer 18

High glycerol: Mechanical freezing
Low glycerol: Liquid Nitrogen

Question 19

Shipping requirements for both glycerol technique in rbc freezing

Answer 19

High glycerol: Dry Ice
Low glycerol: Liquid Nitrogen

Question 20

how is deglycerolization process carried out?

Answer 20

Replace the glycerol with decreasing concentration of saline

Protocol: 12% saline -> 1.6% saline ->0.2%dextrose in normal saline

Question 21

RBCs in CPD or CPDA-1 or AdSol are glycerolized and frozen within ____ of whole blood collection.

Answer 21

6 days

Question 22

If glycerolization and deglycerolization performed in an open system, can only be stored for how long before transfusion?

Answer 22

25 hours in 1-6*C

Question 23

If glycerolization and deglycerolization performed under close system, it can only be stored for how long before transfusion?

Answer 23

2 weeks in 1-6*C

Question 24

In RBC rejuvenation, what component is restored?

Answer 24

ATP and 2,3-DPG levels

(Aside from restoration, it also involves enhancement of metabolic alterations)

Question 25

Contents of FDA-approved rejuvenation solution?

Answer 25

phosphate, adenine, inosine MNEMONICS: paiRS

Question 26

when is rejuvenated RBCs may be prepared?

Answer 26

3 days after expiration when RBC is stored in CPD, CPDA-1 and AS-1

Question 27

rejuvenated RBCs must be washed before infusion to remove the inosine (toxic) and transfused within?

Answer 27

24 hours (They can also be frozen for long term storage)

Question 28

principal buffer of platelet concentrates during storage

Answer 28

bicarbonate

Question 29

a pH at which loss of platelet viability will occur

Answer 29

6.2

Question 30

platelet swirl means?

Answer 30

no visible aggregation

Question 31

corrected count increment of platelet transfusion formula:

Answer 31

CC1 = (postcount/uL – precount/uL) x BSA (m^2)/ platelets transfused (x10^11)

Question 32

Shelf life of pooled platelet concentrates:

Answer 32

4 hours

Question 33

One unit of whole-blood derived platelet concentrate contains:

Answer 33

>/= 5.5x10^10 platelets on 40-70mL plasma

Question 34

One unit of apheresis platelet contains

Answer 34

> 3.0x10^11 (which is equivalent to 4-6 units of whole blood-derived platelets)

Question 35

Additive solutions for platelet concentrates:

Answer 35

PAS-C (Intersol) PAS-F (Isoplate) 5 days storage

Question 36

lifespan of platelets after release from megakaryocytes

Answer 36

8-10 days

Question 37

What cryopreservative is used in frozen platelets?

Answer 37

DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide)

Question 38

Temp of frozen platelets

Answer 38

-80*C

Question 39

Storage life of frozen platelets

Answer 39

2 years

Question 40

Percentage of frozen platelet in vivo recovery after transfusion?

Answer 40

33%

Question 41

Most common cause of bacterial contamination of platelet products

Answer 41

Entry of skin plugs into the collection bag