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Electronics > RF 2 > Flashcards

RF 2 Flashcards

1
Q

AMPLITUDE of intelligence

A

Determines AMOUNT of carrier frequency deviation

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2
Q

FREQUENCY of intelligence

A

Determines RATE of carrier deviation

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3
Q

AMOUNT of carrier deviation

A

How FAR the carrier moves in frequency

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4
Q

RATE of carrier deviation

A

How FAST carrier moves in frequency

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5
Q

SCA

A

Subsidiary Communication Authorization

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6
Q

FM Stereo with SCA Decoding - FDM broadcast

A
  • 0-15 kHz: BB L + R audio
  • 19 kHz: Pilot carrier
  • 23-37 + 39-53 kHz: L + R SBs
  • 38 kHz: AMDSB-SC
  • 57 kHz: Digital RBDS/RDS
  • 59.5-75.5 kHz: SCA signal
  • 67 kHz: SCA 1
  • 92 kHz: SCA 2
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7
Q

AGC

A

Auto Gain Control

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8
Q

Frequency Hopping

A

Carrier signal switches in a pseudo-random fashion

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9
Q

Frequency Chirp

A

Carrier signal steps at a linear rate, “sweeping” across the spectrum

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10
Q

Direct Sequence

A

Generates a sin X / X signal

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11
Q

MUX

A

Multiplexing

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12
Q

DMUX

A

De-multiplexing

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13
Q

TDM

A

1) Time Division Multiplexing

2) Separates the transmission into TIME SLOTS

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14
Q

CDM

A

1) Code Division Multiplexing
2) Data is broken down into GROUPS of digital BITS
3) Groups (packets) can take many routes to get to their destination and be reassembled

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15
Q

FDM

A

1) Frequency Division Multiplexing

2) Signals are separated from each other/the carrier by an amount equal to the signal’s frequency

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16
Q

SAP

A

Separate Audio Program

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17
Q

Inverse Square Law

A

Signal falls 6 dB for every distance doubled, from the transmitter

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18
Q

Obstacles’ effects on waves

A

1) Reflection
2) Refraction
3) Diffraction

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19
Q

DCA-30 (antenna)

A
  • 10 kHz - 2 GHz range
  • Active
  • Omnidirectional
  • E field (far field)
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20
Q

Omnidirectional Wide Band (OWB) -60 (tuna can - antenna)

A
  • 2-18 GHz range
  • Passive
  • Omnidirectional
  • E field (far field)
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21
Q

VWA-30 (whip - antenna)

A
  • VHF/UHF range; usable < 1 GHz
  • Passive
  • Omnidirectional
  • E field (far field)
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22
Q

Active Loop Receiver (ALR) -30B (antenna)

A
  • 9 kHz - 30 MHz range
  • Active
  • Bidirectional
  • E/H field (far/near field)
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23
Q

Magnetic Field Coil (MFC) -30N (antenna)

A
  • 30-300 MHz range
  • Passive
  • Bidirectional
  • H field (near field)
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24
Q

Log Periodic Antenna (LPA) 30S

A
  • 300 MHz - 1 GHz range
  • Passive
  • Unidirectional
  • E field (far field)
25
Q

Log Periodic Antenna (LPA) 60

A
  • 1-18 GHz range
  • Passive
  • Unidirectional
  • E field (far field)
26
Q

Delta Configuration Transformer

A

1) No neutral wire; only ground
2) Phase to ground = 120 V
3) Phase to phase = 208 or 240 V

27
Q

4-Wire Wye Configuration Transformer

A

1) Phase to phase = 208 V
2) Neutral to ground = 0 V
3) Phase to neutral = 120 V
4) Phase to ground = 120 V

28
Q

3-Wire Wye Configuration Transformer

A

1) Phase to phase = 240 V
2) Neutral to ground = 0 V
3) Phase to neutral = 120 V
4) Phase to ground = 120 V

29
Q

Branches on same phase

A

0 V

30
Q

Branches on different phase

A

208 or 240 V

31
Q

White wire

A

Neutral (CONUS)

32
Q

Green or bare copper wire

A

Ground (CONUS)

33
Q

Red, blue, black, or [sometimes] brown wire

A

Phase (CONUS)

34
Q

4 steps in the analog to digital (AD) process

A

1) Filter
2) Sample
3) Quantize
4) Encode

35
Q

OOK

A

On-off keying

36
Q

PCM

A

Pulse Code Modulation

37
Q

Nyquist Standard

A

Sampling frequency must be at least twice the highest frequency being sampled

38
Q

If Nyquist Standard is not followed

A

Results in aliasing (false signal)

39
Q

PAM

A

1) Pulse Amplitude Modulation
2) TIME change affects pulse AMPLITUDE
3) FREQUENCY change affects spectral line AMPLITUDE

40
Q

PDM (or PWM)

A

1) Pulse Duration (or Width) Modulation
2) TIME change affects pulse WIDTH
3) FREQUENCY change affects D.O.

41
Q

PPM

A

1) Pulse Position Modulation
2) TIME change affects pulse PERIOD
3) FREQUENCY change affects spectral line SPACING/PRF

42
Q

PRF

A

1) Pulse Repetition Frequency

2) Inverse of pulse period (PP)

43
Q

D.O.

A

1) Drop-out spacing/point

2) Inverse of pulse width (PW)

44
Q

D.C.

A

1) Duty cycle
2) Inverse of spectral lines
3) PW / PP

45
Q

FMCAB

A 
Frequency
Modulation (type)
Content
Amplitude
Bandwidth
46
Q

Pulse analysis

A

Measure from 50% amplitude/width

47
Q

Links in digital communication

A

1) Synchronous or asynchronous

2) Synchronous implies that the transmit and receive clocks are locked together

48
Q

FSK

A

1) Frequency Shift Keying

2) A form of data transmission in which the modulating wave shifts the output between 2 predetermined frequencies

49
Q

PSK

A

1) Phase Shift Keying
2) A form of data transmission in which data causes the phase of the carrier to shift by a predefined amount
3) A constellation diagram is used to plot the phase changes

50
Q

QAM

A

1) Quadrature Amplitude Modulation
2) Uses instantaneous amplitude and phase changes
3) QAM-16 = 4 bits, QAM-32 = 5 bits…, QAM-256 = 8 bits, etc.

51
Q

AMDSB - IN

A

1) Time domain shows fc + fi orriented SBs
2) Frequency domain shows envelope:
a) Intelligence signal = 1 / fi
b) Carrier signal = 1 / fc

52
Q

AMDSB - IF

A

1) Time domain shows fc + fi orriented SBs; centered at IF frequency
2) Frequency domain shows envelope:
a) Intelligence signal = 1 / fi
b) Carrier signal = 1 / fc (of IF)

53
Q

AMDSB - Detected out

A

1) Time domain shows fi; carrier stripped away

2) Frequency domain shows sine wave of 1 / fi

54
Q

Narrow band FM

A

< 15 kHz

55
Q

Wide band FM

A

> 15 kHz

56
Q

Carrier deviation

A

How far the carrier moves from its carrier position

57
Q

Resolution Bandwidth (RBW) too large

A

Excess noise

58
Q

Pulsing audio from speakers

A

Zero span not on

Electronics (13 decks)

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