Revolutions of 1830 and 1848

Question 1

Charles X

Answer 1

Overthrown in 1830 in favor of a constitutional monarchy during the second French Revolution.

Question 2

French Revolution 1830

Answer 2

SUCCESSFUL

Liberals overthrow King Charles X to favor a constitutional monarchy led by Louis Philippe.

Question 3

Louis-Phillipe

Answer 3

Was the new king after the second French revolution
Ruled through a constitutional monarchy

Question 4

Belgium - 1830

Answer 4

In 1830, Belgium revolted against the Netherlands in favor of independence.

They were SUCCESSFUL.

Question 5

Universal Male Suffrage - 1848

Answer 5

When the French overthrew Louis Philippe and the monarchy in 1848, they created a constitution which included a president. This president would be voted through universal male suffrage (all adult men could vote) and would serve for 6 years. Louis-Napoleon was the first president.

Question 6

Louis-Napoleon (Napolen III)

Answer 6

Napoleon’s nephew and the first French president in the 2nd republic.

Question 7

2nd Empire

Answer 7

The 2nd Empire of France began in 1849, after Louis Napoleon was elected and the constitution was arranged.

Question 8

Fredrick William of Prussia

Answer 8

The Frankfurt Assembly failed because they couldn’t reach the support necessary to achieve their goal. They offered the throne to Fredrick William of Prussia, but he refused. The Assembly failed.

Question 9

Greece 1830

Answer 9

SUCCESSFUL

Independence from the Ottoman Empire

Question 10

Polish 1830

Answer 10

Polish in the Russian Empire began to revolt

STOPPED

Question 11

Italians in Austria 1830

Answer 11

STOPPED

Italians began to revolt against the Austrians.

Question 12

Austria 1848

Answer 12

Nicholas I (Russia) helped put down an Italian revolution in Austria (Hungarians + Czechs = Italians crushed)

STOPPED

Alliance between Austria and Russia thrived

Question 13

Metternich

Answer 13

Dismissed amid the revolutions in 1848

Question 14

Frankfurt Assembly

Answer 14

The German Confederation (recognized as 38 independent German states in the Congress of Vienna) began to become extremely unhappy in 1848. German rulers began to promise things like constitutions, an all-German parliament, and jury trials. An all German-Parliament, named the Frankfurt Assembly, was created in 1848 and they made a constitution that created a limited monarchy. It failed due to a lack of support and no ruler (Fredrick IV refused).

Question 15

Alexander II

Answer 15

After seeing that Russia was quickly falling behind other European powers, Czar Alexander II began to make reforms. He freed the serfs, and created a system where the government provided lands for the peasants through buying it from landlords. This system failed since the landlords kept the best lands for themselves, upsetting the peasants. The ex-serfs were unhappy and Alexander’s son undid his reforms.

Question 16

Emancipation of the Serfs

Answer 16

After seeing that Russia was falling behind, Czar Alexander II freed the serfs in 1861 and created a land system where the peasants got land through the government, who bought it from landowners. This ended up making the peasants even more unhappy, since the landowners kept the best lands for themselves and the peasants began to start farming again.

Question 17

Ausgleich

Answer 17

Austria removed themselves from the Concert of Europe and the German Confederation to join monarchies with Hungary and ruled a joint state, named Ausgleich, in 1867.