Revolutionary War Flashcards
Mercantilism
practice employed by the British in which raw goods traded from the colonies where they were then manufactured into a finished product
Taxation without Representation
colonists had no representatives in the Parliament to either pass or object these taxes, leading to uprising
Salutary Neglect
Britain ignores any rules or regulations they designed for the colonies. They did not enforce any of these rules for many years.
What is are examples of Salutary Neglect?
the Navigation Acts and Deliberate Property
What were the Navigation Acts?
designed to regulate colonial trade
What was the Stamp Act?
it was an act passed by the parliament in which taxed legal documents, newspapers, and letters
What was the Sugar Act?
it was an act passed by the parliament in which taxed molasses, sugar, wine, coffee, cambric, and calico.
What was the Quartering Act?
the act in which forced colonists to house British soldiers
What was the Tea Act?
the act in which taxed tea at a high rate.
What were the Intolerable and Coercive Acts?
the acts in which punished the colonists due to the Boston Tea Party. EX. Quartering, Massachusetts Bay Regulating (No more self-government), Boston Port Act (closing of ports), etc.
When was the Stamp Act passed?
1765
When was the Sugar Act passed?
1764
What were the Townshend Acts?
A series of acts passed meant to tax the colonist’s basic necessities: glass, lead. paints, and paper.
When were the Townshend Acts passed?
1767
When was the Quartering Act passed?
1765
When was the Tea Act passed?
1773
When were the Intolerable / Coercive Acts passed?
1774
List all the Acts. (6)
Townshend, Intolerable/Coercive, Quartering, Tea, Sugar, and Stamp
Boston Massacre
the killing of five colonists by British regulars on March 5, 1770.
What was the Olive Branch Petition?
It was the colonists’ last attempt in warning Great Britain, but was turned down anyway.
What are the three Natural Rights?
Life, Liberty, and Pursuit of Happiness
What are Natural Rights?
rights that we are born with and cannot be taken away from us.
What does “consent of the governed” mean?
Consent of the Governed means a government should depend on the consent of the people, as expressed by votes in elections.
How did the Boston Massacre lead to the revolution?
Conflicts between the British and the colonists had been on the rise because the British government had been trying to increase control over the colonies and raise taxes at the same time. The event in Boston helped to unite the colonies against Britain. Basically, they lost their trust, and began to group together and led to the fight for their independence
How did the Acts passed by the parliament lead to the revolution?
The colonists were extremely aggravated with the acts passed by the British. They were taxed heavily, without any representation at all.
When was the Magna Carta written?
1215
Who wrote the Magna Carta?
Angry Nobles of Great Britain
What was the purpose of the Magna Carta?
Limited power of the king, and provided rights for the nobles.
`What four big ideas were presented in the Magna Carta?
Due - Process, Limited Government, Rule of Law, & Rights
When was Common Sense written?
1776
Who wrote Common Sense?
Thomas Paine
What was the purpose of Common Sense?
To encourage colonists to support the fight for their independence (ex. should not be governed by an island, independence is a natural right, there is no need for a king who abuses his powers)
What big idea was presented in Common Sense?
Rights, Due - Process, Rule of Law and Self - Government
What type of document was Common Sense?
A pamphlet
Rule of Law
all people have to follow the law, and the laws should be enforced fairly
Self - Government
People can make decisions on how their government should work
Due-Process
People have the right of fair and reasonable laws Ex. Right to have trial
Limited Government
A government that has been limited in a power by a constitution or written agreement
Who wrote the Olive Branch Petition?
John Dickinson
What was the purpose of the Olive Branch petition?
It was an attempt to assert the rights of the colonists while maintaining their loyalty to the British crown.
Who wrote Plain Truth?
John Chalmers
What was the purpose of Plain Truth?
a stirring point-by-point rebuttal to Paine, who held that independence was a fantasy that could harm the struggling colonies by breaking ties with their most valuable trading partner and leaving them exposed to invasion by France or Spain.
Preamble
an introduction to explaining why the Declaration is being written
Natural Rights
the colonists explain the rights of people and the role of government power
Grievances
a list of colonists’ complaints
Resolution of Independence
The colonists declare their independence from Britain
“For imposing Taxes on us without our Consent”
also known as “taxation without representation”. The colonists were taxed without their consent, or their say in the parliament about it.
“For depriving us in many cases, of the benefits of Trial by Jury”
The colonists did not have right of trial. They were either guilty or punished.
“Quartering large bodies of armed troops among us”
Also known as the Quartering Acts, colonists were forced to allow British Troops inside their homes and had to care for them.
“He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migration hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands.”
The king has tried to keep people from coming to the colonists alive. Prevented immigration.
“He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harass our people, and eat out their substance.”
The king has opened new government offices, such as tax collectors, and sent “swarms of officers to harass our people.”
What event led to the Boston Massacre?
Presence of British Army (thought of them as a disturbance to the community) and Taxation without representation
