Revolutionary era test Flashcards
when was the enlightenment?
1687- 1804
What starts the enlightenment?
Newton’s publication of the Principia Mathematica
what are the characteristics of the enlightenment?
Stressed rationality, and questioning and uses evidence and rationality to learn how the world works
Adam smith importance
Was influential in the British enlightenment, stressed supply and demand and was the intellectual father of capitalism
John locke importance
Influential in the British enlightenment, he’s stressed the government protection of natural rights, social contract theory, tabula rasa, and was known as the father of liberalism
Rene Decartes importance
Influential in the French enlightenment, I can think therefore I am
Voltaire importance
Influential in French enlightenment, stressed civil liberties, free-speech, and the tolerant of other religions
Rousseau importance
Influential in French enlightenment, I stressed social contract, state of nature versus civil society, and republicanism
What is deism?
religious philosophy related to the enlightenment, a way for historians to define religious beliefs of enlightenment thinkers, God created the laws of the world and those laws carry themselves out i.e. God is a clockmaker.
where did the great awakening mostly take place
southern US
what is the great awakening
a religious revival in the United States, challenged traditional sources of authority, made people instruments of their own salvation
new lights vs old lights
old lights are more conservative in their thinking and more accepting of materialism- paint new lights as radicals. new lights are not okay with new acquisitive mindset, some were very radical, some not so much.
itinerant preachers
preachers who weren’t tied down to a church, preachers who travel from town to town preaching
who was Jonathan Edwards
new light, influential in the great awakening
George Whitefield
very engaging and very popular English itinerant preacher known as the the “Great Itinerant”
how many africans in slave trade
9-10 million
what is chattel slavery
slavery in which the slaves are treated as inhuman property
effects of sugar
Sugar became the dominant crop in the western hemisphere and grew in only warm climates.
conspicuous consumption
Middle-class families buying goods so that they can show off that they can afford these goods
When was the slave trade abolished by Britain
1807
Main ideas of common sense
Thomas Paine argues for the value of material success in the revolution and argues that because Britain is their mother country, it is much worse that they are abusing them.
Main ideas of Franklins virtues
He equates literacy with success along with discipline. He argues that people are plastic and easily changed. In this document he writes a list of 13 virtues that he believes you need to succeed.
crevecoeur main ideas
He argues that the poor in America aren’t as poor than the poor in Britain because they own their own land and keep the money they make
federalist one main ideas
Hamilton lays out logical arguments and believes that the listeners should choose what they want to believe. This is a an introduction for the Federalist papers and believes that the anti-federalist make irrational, emotion-based arguments
federalist ten main ideas
Madison argues that factions are not possible to ban unless everyone believes the same thing or their freedom is violated. He believes that democracies are more acceptable to Tierney that republics and are used for a large republic because that leads to more competition among ideas.
Jefferson main ideas
Jefferson argues that slavery is bad because it turns white people into tyrants which leads to slave revolt which is not good for the white people. He thinks that it is good to know about the world and where he lives but does it in a way where he only thinks about himself, disregarding other cultures cultural importance.
Equiano and the abolitionist movement main ideas
Equiano’s main reason for writing this passage was to make white women in the north and in the middle class who are Christian respond to his emotional arguments. He sees white people as uncivilized and terrifying which alarms his audience
