Revolution Flashcards
In the 16th and 17th centuries, the area of scientific advancement that most captured the learned imagination was
Astronomy
The Polish astronomer _____ main contribution to the scientific revolution was a suggestion of the earth moved around the sun in the circle
Copernicus
_____ theory is explained in his treatise entitled “on the revolution of the heavenly spheres”
Copernicus
Copernicus adopted many elements of the Ptolemaic model book transfer them to a _______ model
Heliocentric
The Danish astronomer ______ vigorously oppose Copernican theory
Tycho Brahe
The German astronomer devised mathematical formulas to explain the Copernican universe
Johannes Kelper
A major champion of inductive reasoning was
Francis Bacon
Francis Bacon’s contribution to the scientific revolution can best be described as the promotion of the potentially unlimited possibilities of
Empiricism
The major scientific question that didn’t solve us how the _____ move in an orderly fashion
Planets
Newtons greatest work was called
Principia Mathematica
Did not make significant contributions to the scientific revolution primarily because they were traditionally barred from institutions of European intellectual life
Women
John Locke believed that human beings were _____ _____ i.e. having no inborn ideas
Blank stares
Toland and later Enlightenment writers professed to be deist, regarded God as a divine _____ _____, setting nature to work and then becoming aloof to man.
Water maker
The writers and critics who fostered the attitude of changing or form during the Enlightenment were called
Philosophes
The slogan “crush the infamous thing” refers to Voltair’s attitude toward
Catholic Church
In “Candid”, Voltaire attacked both war and
Religious persecution
The encyclopedia project was led by
Diderol
In the spirit of the laws, Montesquieu admired the ______ Constitution as the wisest
English
Rousseau’s doctrine of the general will lead him to conclude that people must be forced to be
Free
The European enlightenment scholar who had the greatest direct influence on the US Declaration of Independence was
John Locke
During the Enlightenment, ______ culture provided a pivotal role for women as purveyors of new ideas
Salon
According to _____ _____, women’s perceived inferiority resulted primarily from their inability to obtain the proper dictation, the threat they posed to male domination and politics, and my reputation for a lack of virtue
Mary Wollstoncraft
On the eve of the French Revolution, the French monarchy’s greatest problem was the inability to handle the _____ on a sound basis
Finances
Louis XVI called _____ in order to find a collective solution to pressing financial problems and to avoid national bankruptcy
Estates General
Those who swore the famous ______ _____ _____ promise to create a constitution for France that better reflected at social composition
Tennis court oath
The fall of the ______ in 1789 incorporated the working people of Paris into the revolution
Bastille
The civil Constitution of the clergy, which brought the church under the control of the French state, was introduced by the _____ _____
National assembly
Can best be described as peasant disturbances that destroyed Châteaux in feudal records
Great Fear
The most significant contribution of the women’s March to the French Revolution was that the ____ moved to Paris where he was constantly under pressure from popular violence.
King
Issuing government bonds called assignats, selling possessions of the Catholic Church, and removing restrictions on international trade were all attempts made by the _____ _____to solve the debt problems of violence.
National assembly
The war against ____ in 1792 radicalize the revolution and lead to a second revolution at overthrew the monarchy and established a republic
Austria
The ______ ______ refers to the execution of political prisoners and criminals as counter revolutionaries
September massacre
The sans-culottes favored greater economic equality and relief from _____ shortages
Food
Giving French women the right to bear arms was the goal of the _____ of France
Citoyenne
The mountain was a group of radical
Jacobins
“Virtue without terror is fatal; terror; without which virtue is impotent” was a part of the statement made by
Roberspierre
The Levee en masse directed nearly all French citizens to become involved in the _____ effort
War
The victory of the Lord Nelson at _____ in 1805 guaranteed British control of the sea for the rest of the war
Trafalgov
The Treaty of _____ on March 9, 1814 provided the restoration of the bourbon monarchy
Chaumont
Crippling the ability of the British to wage war by cutting off trade between Britain and the continent where the aims of Napoleons
Continental System
The Battle of ______ in 1815 was Napoleons final defeat
Waterloo
The primary goal of the Congress of Vienna appears to have been the creation of a stable ____ ____ ____ system in Europe
Balance of Power
The ______ ______ was revolutionary in the sense that it set the standard for evaluating knowledge in the western world.
Scientific revolution
The phrase “I think, therefore I am” is attributed to
Descartes
The British anti-slavery movement led by ______ ______ was successful in outline the slave trade in 1807
William Wilberforce
What was Tycho Brahe’s contribution to science
Made the most important observations of the star since antiquity
What was the source of most Europeans knowledge of the Ottoman Empire
Illustrations and reports from travelers
Who is regarded as the founder of laissez-faire economic policy
Adam Smith
Greatest expansion of Russia since 1689 occurred under whose reign
Catherine the Great
When did France enter the American Revolution
1778
In what manner was Louis XVI executed
Guillotine
What were the proclaimed goals of the French Revolution
Liberty, equality, and fraternity
Queen Marie Antoinnette was executed when
October 16, 1793
What title did Napoleon assume upon seizing power
Consul, Emperor
In what year was the battle of the nations fought
1813
What nations belong to the holy alliance
Russia, Prussia, Austria
When did San Martin liberate Peru
July 28, 1821
