Revision questions - Energy

Question 1

1. What is the first law of thermdynamics? (slide 2)
   
   1. Energy can be neither created or destroyed
   2. Energy is always lost upon conversion
   3. Energy is always lost as heat
   4. Heat must be lost during exercise

Answer 1

a. Energy can be neither created or destroyed

Question 2

1. Where is energy found in food? (slide 3)
   
   1. In the chemical elements
   2. In the hydrogen bonds
   3. In the molecular bonds
   4. In the R groups

Answer 2

c. In the molecular bonds

Question 3

1. Which of the following constitutes ‘external’ work? (slide 4)
   
   1. Energy expended when muscles shiver
   2. Energy expended in activities to sustain life
   3. Energy expended when skeletal muscles contract to cause movement
   4. Energy expended for postural maintenance

Answer 3

c. Energy expended when skeletal muscles contract to cause movement

Question 4

1. How much nutrient energy is available for work? (slide 5)
   
   1. 25%
   2. 50%
   3. 75%
   4. 100%

Answer 4

a. 25%

Question 5

1. What is the definition of 1 calorie? (slide 6)
   
   1. The amount of heat required to raise 1g water by 1°C
   2. The amount of heat required to raise 1kg water by 1°C
   3. The amount of energy released by 1g carbohydrate
   4. The amount of energy released by 0.25g carbohydrate

Answer 5

a. The amount of heat required to raise 1g water by 1°C

Question 6

1. Each macronutrient provides a number of calories, which of the following is correct?
   
   1. Carbohydrate = 4kcal, protein = 4kcal, fat = 4kcal, alcohol = 7kcal
   2. Carbohydrate = 4kcal, protein = 4kcal, fat = 9kcal, alcohol = 7kcal
   3. Carbohydrate = 9kcal, protein = 4kcal, fat = 7kcal, alcohol = 7kcal
   4. Carbohydrate = 7kcal, protein = 9kcal, fat = 9kcal, alcohol = 7kcal

Answer 6

b. Carbohydrate = 4kcal, protein = 4kcal, fat = 9kcal, alcohol = 7kcal

Question 7

1. Energy Expenditure equals? (slide 8)
   
   1. BMR + physical activity
   2. BMR + energy consumed
   3. BMR + Physical activity + thermogenesis
   4. Mechanical work + BMR

Answer 7

c. BMR + Physical activity + thermogenesis

Question 8

1. What is metabolic rate? (slide 9)
   
   1. Food consumed per unit of time
   2. Basal metabolic rate per unit of time
   3. Total calories expended per day
   4. Energy expenditure per unit of time

Answer 8

d. Energy expenditure per unit of time

Question 9

1. Which two hormones affect metabolic rate? (slide 9)
   
   1. Thyroid hormone + adrenaline
   2. Cortisol + insulin
   3. Testosterone + anti diuretic hormone
   4. Oxytocin + Estrogen

Answer 9

a. Thyroid hormone + adrenaline

Question 10

1. Waking BMR is than sleeping BMR (slide 9)
   
   1. Higher
   2. Lower
   3. The same

Answer 10

1. Higher

Question 11

1. How many kcal does slow walking require (for a 70kg person) in kcal /hr? (slide 11)
   
   1. 50
   2. 200
   3. 500
   4. 1000

Answer 11

b. 200

Question 12

1. What is NEAT? (slide 12)
   
   1. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis
   2. Non-eating activity thermogenesis
   3. Neo-energy auto typing
   4. Non-exercise activity temperature

Answer 12

a. Non-exercise activity thermogenesis

Question 13

1. Which of the following is not a form of thermogenesis? (slide 12)
   
   1. Cold-induced
   2. Diet induced
   3. Drug induced
   4. Sleep induced

Answer 13

d. Sleep induced

Question 14

1. Food intake is controlled primarily by which gland? (slide 14)
   
   1. Pituitary
   2. Adrenal
   3. Hypothalamus
   4. Thymus

Answer 14

c. Hypothalamus

Question 15

1. What function does leptin have? (slide 16)
   
   1. To store fat
   2. To increase appetite
   3. To signal satiety
   4. To release fat

Answer 15

c. To signal satiety

Question 16

1. What function does insulin serve? (slide 16)
   
   1. Encourage uptake and storage of nutrients
   2. Encourage release and usage of nutrients

Answer 16

a. Encourage uptake and storage of nutrients

Question 17

1. Obesity is considered as % overweight compared to normal standards?
   
   1. 5
   2. 20
   3. 50
   4. 90

Answer 17

b. 20

Question 18

1. What is a measure of obesity?
   
   1. BMR
   2. BMI
   3. BIA
   4. BCA

Answer 18

b. BMI

Question 19

1. Using the measure from Q.18, what range is classed as ‘normal’ (BMI)
   
   1. 18.5-24.9
   2. 25.0-29.9
   3. 30.0-34.9
   4. 35.0-39.9

Answer 19

18.5-24.9

Question 20

1. What is the measurement of heat transfer in the body?
   
   1. Thermometry
   2. Demsitometry
   3. Calorimetry
   4. Hydrometry

Answer 20

c. Calorimetry

Question 21

1. Energy may be measured in what?
   
   1. Joules + Watts
   2. Calories + Kelvin
   3. Joules + Calories
   4. Candelas and Calories

Answer 21

c. Joules + Calories