revision questions - endocrine system

Question 1

1. What is homeostasis? (slide 4)
   
   1. The ability to control body temperature
   2. The ability to maintain internal pH
   3. The ability to maintain a constant internal environment
   4. The ability to control heart rate

Answer 1

1. The ability to maintain a constant internal environment

Question 2

1. What is autoregulation? (slide 5)
   
   1. Cells communicating between each other to regulate themselves
   2. Tissues controlled by the endocrine system
   3. Cells and tissues controlled by the nervous system
   4. Cells, tissues and organs regulating themselves automatically and independently

Answer 2

d. Cells, tissues and organs regulating themselves automatically and independently

Question 3

1. Extrinsic regulation is imposed principally by the: (slide 5)
   
   1. Endocrine system
   2. Nervous system
   3. Endocrine system and nervous system
   4. Gastrointestinal system

Answer 3

c. Endocrine system and nervous system

Question 4

1. Which system performs ‘crisis management’? (slide 6)
   
   1. The nervous system
   2. The endocrine system
   3. The hormonal system
   4. The adrenaline system

Answer 4

a. The nervous system

Question 5

1. The endocrine system regulates (slide 6)
   
   1. Short term effects
   2. Long term ongoing metabolic state
   3. Short term metabolic state
   4. Long term growth patterns

Answer 5

b. Long term ongoing metabolic state

Question 6

1. What are the components of the endocrine system? (slide 7)
   
   1. Endocrine glands, hormones, and receptors
   2. Endocrine glands, lymph glands and hormones
   3. Hormones, target organs, thyroid gland
   4. Hormones, lymph and blood

Answer 6

a. Endocrine glands, hormones, and receptors

Question 7

1. Most hormone producing cells are types of tissue (slide 8)
   
   1. Epithelial
   2. Muscular
   3. Connective
   4. Nervous

Answer 7

a. Epithelial

Question 8

1. In the classical concept of hormones, hormones are sometimes called (slide 10)
   
   1. Chemical interceptors
   2. Neural messengers
   3. Chemical messengers
   4. Intrinsic messengers

Answer 8

c. Chemical messengers

Question 9

1. What are the four steps that hormones undergo (slide 10):
   
   1. Secretion, transport, synthesis, action
   2. Synthesis, secretion, transport, action
   3. Synthesis, transport, secretion, action
   4. Secretion, action, transport, synthesis

Answer 9

b. Synthesis, secretion, transport, action

Question 10

1. When hormones act, they act on what? (slide 10)
   
   1. Host cells
   2. Mast cells
   3. Target cells
   4. Schwann cells

Answer 10

c. Target cells

Question 11

1. More recent findings, have discussed local hormones. Where are these produced? (slide 11)
   
   1. Endocrine glands
   2. Global endocrine cells
   3. Isolated endocrine cells
   4. Epithelial endocrine cells

Answer 11

c. Isolated endocrine cells

Question 12

1. These local hormones are known as: (slide 11)
   
   1. Paranoid hormones
   2. Paracrine hormones
   3. Parascend hormones
   4. Parathyroid hormones

Answer 12

b. Paracrine hormones

Question 13

1. Which of the following is not a class of hormone? (Slide 12)
   
   1. Amine
   2. Peptide/protein
   3. Lipid derivative
   4. Adrenaline

Answer 13

d. Adrenaline

Question 14

1. Steroid hormones are produced from: (slide 13)
   
   1. Amino acids
   2. Cholesterol
   3. Glycerol
   4. Glycogen

Answer 14

b. Cholesterol

Question 15

1. Hormones bond to what on the cell surface or cell cytoplasm? (slide 14)
   
   1. Protein receptors
   2. Carbohydrate receptors
   3. Lipid receptors?

Answer 15

a. Protein receptors

Question 16

1. Each hormone receptor can receive different types of hormone (side 14)
   
   1. True
   2. False

Answer 16

b. False

Question 17

1. Which of the following hormones cross the cell membrane and bind to receptors in the cytoplasm or nucleus? (slide 15)
   
   1. Catecholamine, peptide, eicosanoids
   2. Thyroid, peptide
   3. Catecholamine, steroid
   4. Thyroid, steroid

Answer 17

d. Thyroid, steroid

Question 18

1. The hormones released by the pituitary gland bind to what types of receptor? (slide 18)
   
   1. Cell membrane
   2. Cytoplasm
   3. Nuclear
   4. None of the above

Answer 18

a. Cell membrane

Question 19

1. The pituitary gland used to be called the what endocrine gland? (slide 18
   
   1. Minor endocrine gland
   2. Effector endocrine gland
   3. Master endocrine gland
   4. Global endocrine gland

Answer 19

c. Master endocrine gland

Question 20

1. The pituitary is divided into: (slide 19)
   
   1. 3 lobes
   2. Anterior/posterior lobes
   3. Left/right lobes
   4. Superior/inferior lobes

Answer 20

b. Anterior/posterior lobes

Question 21

1. The pituitary is located directly under the ? (slide 19)
   
   1. Hypothalamus
   2. Medulla oblongata
   3. Adrenal glands
   4. Thymus

Answer 21

a. Hypothalamus

Question 22

1. Which of the following is not produced by the anterior pituitary? (slide 20)
   
   1. TSH
   2. ACTH
   3. GH
   4. ADH

Answer 22

d. ADH

Question 23

1. Oxytocin is produced in which gland? (slide 23)
   
   1. Anterior pituitary
   2. Hypothalamus
   3. Posterior pituitary
   4. Adrenal glands

Answer 23

c. Posterior pituitary

Question 24

1. ADH: (slide 23)
   
   1. Depresses blood pressure
   2. Increases the amount of water excreted
   3. Decreases the amount of water excreted
   4. Stimulates smooth muscle in uterus and mammary glands

Answer 24

c. Decreases the amount of water excreted

Question 25

1. What do the alpha cells in the pancreas secrete? (slide 24)
   
   1. Insulin
   2. Glucagon
   3. Erythropoietin
   4. Adrenocorticotrophic hormone

Answer 25

1. Glucagon

Question 26

1. What is the effect of insulin? (slide 27)
   
   1. Lowers blood glucose
   2. Raises blood glucose
   3. Lowers blood glycogen
   4. Raises blood glycogen

Answer 26

a. Lowers blood glucose

Question 27

1. What is the effect of glucagon? (slide 27)
   
   1. Lowers blood glucose
   2. Raises blood glucose
   3. Lowers blood glycogen
   4. Raises blood glycogen

Answer 27

b. Raises blood glucose

Question 28

1. What is the role of erythropoiten? (slide 30)
   
   1. Simulates oxygen uptake by red blood cells
   2. Stimulates red blood cell production
   3. Stimulates white blood cell production
   4. Promotes Bohr shift in haemoglobin

Answer 28

b. Stimulates red blood cell production

Question 29

1. What hormones does adipose tissue secrete? (slide 32)
   
   1. Leptin
   2. Insulin
   3. Glucagon
   4. ACTH

Answer 29

a. Leptin

Question 30

1. During resistance training what happens to insulin? (slide 41)
   
   1. More is released
   2. Less is released

Answer 30

b. Less is released

Question 31

1. Which hormone is thought to be catabolic during endurance exercise? (slide 41)
   
   1. Insulin
   2. Cortisol
   3. Glucagon
   4. Growth hormone

Answer 31

b. Cortisol