Revision - Inequalities Flashcards
decent work, poverty, reduced inequalities
How is the ‘poverty line’ measured by the UN, and how many people live like this?
Anyone living on less than $1.90 per day, 10% of the world.
Example of population density
Malawi: over 400% increase since 1960, population density is much higher. This has a large effect on land based resources, economy, environment and human wellbeing
What is the HDI and what do we think about it?
It is supposed to help us understand factors which affect us in numerical form, is easy. However, does not talk about complexities, inequal distribution in the country, or population and resource use. Also doesn’t take geopolitics into account.
What is the good news in working and pay today?
There are more women in the workforce, causing expansion. Wages are rising. Labour laws are significantly better.
How have these ‘improvements’ negatively affected people?
Deindustrialisaiton means work has moved to the global south, means less legal protections (exposure to chemicals, age, wages), job stability has been decreasing, increase in developed software means white collar jobs are at risk
What are the 4 pillars for ‘decent work’?
Employment creation, social protection, social dialogue and rights at work. Living and working longer generally indicates good work.
How has distribution of wealth changed? (%)
Top 1% - increased by 138%
Bottom 90% - increase by 15%
How do we look at inequalities from a geographical perspective?
Focusng on urban parts of regions where there are the most issues with inequality, and they are created by social and spatial processes.
What is the story of women and inequality?
Women are more likely to work part time than men, the pay gap for this has increased since 2015.
In law, you cannot be sacked for being pregnant, but when you go back often get negative treatment.
What are some flaws in percentages in data?
40% have shown improvements in income, but for the bottom 10%, they are doing worse.
What events take place in terms of transit in Portland?
Bridges will only be built for public transport, transportation is coordinated, unusual for a city its size. Trams are used, of which ideal travelers feel like they are aiding in additional greenness.
What is the ‘gig economy’ and why can it be harmful?
Jobs such as a taxi driver, or food delivery services are often under this idea. Workers are stripped of workplace protections and have an inconsistent routine.
What ideas do people associate with Portland - USA?
Being a green city, and exceptional city in terms of being environmentally friendly
