Revision - Environment Flashcards
Brundtland report, life under water, sustainable urbanism
What was the reason for the creation of the Brundtland report?
Answering connections between social equity, economic growth and environmental problems.
What factors were monitored in the report?
-Increasing global population, predicted 7 billion-14 billion.
- biodiversity
- transparent implementation of government policies
What is the significance of the Grand Ethiopian Rennaisance dam?
It was created on the Nile, with the intention of generating clean energy. However, there were construction issues and damaged energy security for people around the area.
What is the current state of water security?
We have used 5 times the amount of water we used to use over a century ago. 29% of the world do not have access to safe drinking water.
What is water use?
Total amount of water that someone withdraws from the source to be used
What is water stress?
When the amount of water demanded exceeds the amount that is available.
Why is degraded marine ecosystems bad?
Smaller ability to absorb the effects of climate change, marine environments make up 99% of the habitable volume of the planet.
What is the target for marine pollution specifically from SDGs?
Reduce marine pollution of all kinds - debris and nutrient pollution.
What progress has been made to improve marine life?
The marine litter strategy - reducing litter sources, and supporting fishing communities to recycle fishing equipment.
Marine planning - national and regional marine plans to minimise conflicts of interests
scotland’s fisheries management strategy 2020-2030 - restrict fishing where needed, using scientific measures to understand at what point overfishing is happening in certain areas.
How much energy comes from fossil fuels?
just under 80%.
What is the energy trilemma?
Energy security, environmental sustainability, and energy equity.
How do we go about moving on, and achieving affordable and clean energy technically?
Expand low carbon energies, remove emissions, electrification where possible, improve insolation at home.
How do we go about achieving affordable and clean energy socioeconomically?
Reduce focus on economy as it is currently coming at the expense of the environment, slow population growth.
Why is it difficult to move on from fossil fuels?
Fossil fuels are cheap and versatile, coal is cheap and beneficial for the economy, power construction must be halted and brought to an end which is a lot of work.
