revision - digestion and respiration Flashcards
What is respiration and why is it important
Respiration is the chemical process of releasing energy from our food. This energy fuels the life processes
What is ATP and what is it’s purpose
ATP is the product of respiration, and the molecule that is produced from the energy released. It is important as it stops energy being released all at once, which would cause too much heat and boil our fluids.
Word equation for aerobic respiration
oxygen + glucose –> carbon dioxide and water
Symbol equation for aerobic respiration
6O2+ C6H12O6 –> 6CO2 + 6H2O
word equation for anaerobic respiration in animals
Glucose –> lactic acid
word equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast
glucose –> carbon dioxide + ethanol
Describe the process of anaerobic respiration
We anaerobically respire when doing high intensity exercise, as we use up the oxygen in our muscles and can’t replace it all. This means we respire anaerobically.
An experiment for how yeast respires in different conditions
Heat it up to different temps with a layer of paraffin on top and count gas bubbles going into test tube filled with lime water.The more bubbles, the faster the yeast respires
How is food moved through the gut and oesophagus
By peristalsis. This is when the circular and longitudinal muscles relax and contract alternately, to push the food down
Where is bile produced and stored
Produced in the liver, stored in the gall bladder
What does bile do
Bile is very alkaline, so it helps neutralise stomach acid. It also emulsifies lipids, meaning it breaks it down into smaller globules.
Adaptions of the small intestine for absorption
It has a high surface-area to volume ratio, thanks to villi and microvilli. It is very close to the blood supply, so the absorbed particles can go straight to the blood. Thin intestine walls.
