Revision

Question 1

Warfarin

Answer 1

blood thinner
inhibits clotting factors 2, 7, 9, 10
Vitamin K antagonist

Question 2

atherosclerosis

Answer 2

stable or unstable plaques cause symptoms

quiescent plaques are asymptomatic

Question 3

places you can get infarction

Answer 3

foot - cause gangrene, in diabetics and those with atherosclerosis
heart
brain
si

Question 4

things that contribute to shock

Answer 4

hypokalaemia 
burns 
mi 
pul emb
sepsis

Question 5

what might a haemorrhage present as

Answer 5

iron deficiency

Question 6

underlying defect of chron’s disease

Answer 6

genetic defect

Question 7

cardinal signs of inflammation

Answer 7

loss of function
oedema
redness
pain

Question 8

suppuration

Answer 8

the formation of pus, neutrophils, bacteria and cellular debris
exudate formation as part of immune response

Question 9

example of a granulomatous disease

Answer 9

TB
T lymph, B lymph, macrophages and fibroblasts form granuloma to activate macrophages
may spread throuighout the body - usually in lungs

Question 10

anaplasia

Answer 10

lack of differentiation

Question 11

in comparison to malignant tumours, benign tumours are more

Answer 11

differentiated

Question 12

which cancer specifically affects the young

Answer 12

neuroblastoma

Question 13

where does neuroblastoma come from

Answer 13

neuroblasts - specialised nerve cells left over from the babies development in the womb

Question 14

Barratts oesophagus

Answer 14

metaplasia
abnormal change in cells of lower oesophagus
from chronic exposure to stomach acid

Question 15

main feature of benign tumour

Answer 15

doesn’t grow quickly

Question 16

why does the LV size change

Answer 16

enlarges during intense exercise over a period of time

to cope with increasing afterload on the ventricular muscle

Question 17

benign enlargement of the prostate

Answer 17

also known as benign prostate hypertrophy

this is a misnomer

Question 18

atrophy and cause

Answer 18

partial or complete wasting away of part of the body

caused by malnutrition, poor circulation, poor exercise, loss of nerve supply to an organ

Question 19

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Answer 19

affects the muscles of the heart
can disrupt the electrical function of the heart
cause sudden death amongst athletes

Question 20

who conducts a coroners autopsy

Answer 20

a judicial officer of the crown